Ubuntu Linux下安装GAMIT

从安装的过程来看，Ubuntu Linux在台式机上会安装gcc，但是笔记本上则不会，所以在第一次装的时候并没有成功，虽然从头到尾都安装了，没有中断，但最后采用doy验证的时候没有通过。

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本文要用到的GAMIT 10.35文件下载在Linux公社5 号FTP服务器

Linux公社(LinuxIDC.com) 5 号FTP服务器【关于GAMIT】资源浏览查询：

IP地址 ftp://www.linuxidc.com
端口    21
用户 ftp5.linuxidc.com
密码 www.linuxidc.com

具体下载方法见http://www.linuxidc.net/thread-1186-1-1.html 与 http://www.linuxidc.net/thread-1189-1-1.html

相关文章见 http://www.linuxidc.com/GAMIT/

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下文是根据原文加自己的安装过程，总结出的内容，蓝色为原文，内容可能上下有出入，但不影响安装。
出入的部分主要是软件的版本显示问题（原文是10.34，我安装的是10.35）和安装路径。

首先，安装GCC,因为在root模式下，命令行没有sudo
apt-get build-dep gcc
链接1采用两种方法，比较了大小后决定采用第一条，就是上面的命令。
通过gcc –version确认版本为 GCC 4.3.3

Gamit安装需要csh（tcsh）环境、GNU gfortran 4.2编译器和libx11－dev库支持。gfortran是软件推荐使用的编译器。libx11-dev是X11的程序开发库，它提供的lib.h和 libx11.a（libx11.so）是Gamit安装必须用到的两个库文件，主要是为Globk的提供图形库支持。以上三个条件却一不可。

Ubuntu系统没有csh，默认为bash。因此要先安装csh。

Ubuntu系统自带了gcc4.2，但是却没有安装gfortran编译器。而你安装时安装程序会调用默认的gfortran编译器，除非你指定gcc为你的编译器。

首先，以root身份登录，打开终端，输入

apt-get install csh

系统自动下载并安装csh，安装完成后在终端输入

chsh

提示

正在更改 root 的 SHELL

请输入新值，或直接敲回车键以使用默认值

       登录 Shell [/bin/bash]:

输入

/bin/csh

修改bash为csh。重新起动Ubuntu，并以root身份登录，打开终端，输入

# echo $SHELL

返回s“/bin/csh”,说明SHELL修改成功。

接着输入

apt-get install gfortran

系统自动下载并安装gfortran。

在输入

apt-get install libx11-dev

系统自动下载并安装libx11-dev库支持。

安装gamit 10.35

       定位到gamit的下载路径（即安装路径）
       准备工作：
       chmod +x install_software
      
       修改install_software文件内容
       “usr -name libX11.a”为”usr -name libX11.so”，一个是静态共享库，一个是动态共享库。
      
makefile.config，修改：

# X11 library location – uncomment the appropriate one for your system
# Generic (will work on any system if links in place)
X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11
X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11
# Specific for Sun with OpenWindows
#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11
# Specific for PC Solaris 10
#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib/
#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11
# Specific to Linux RedHat 7,8 and 9, RH-FC1 -> 3
#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/X11R6/include/X11
# Specific to FC5
#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11
# Specific for MIT HP and Sun for Release 5
#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11R5
#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11R5
# Specific for IBM AIX4.2
#X11LIBPATH /usr/lpp/X11/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/lpp/X11/include
# Specific for MacOSX
#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11

为：

# X11 library location – uncomment the appropriate one for your system
# Generic (will work on any system if links in place)
#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11
#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11
# Specific for Sun with OpenWindows
#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11
# Specific for PC Solaris 10
#X11LIBPATH /usr/openwin/lib/
#X11INCPATH /usr/openwin/share/include/X11
# Specific to Linux RedHat 7,8 and 9, RH-FC1 -> 3
#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/X11R6/include/X11
# Specific to FC5（F6,F7,F8 ）
X11LIBPATH /usr/lib
X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11
# Specific for MIT HP and Sun for Release 5
#X11LIBPATH /usr/lib/X11R5
#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11R5
# Specific for IBM AIX4.2
#X11LIBPATH /usr/lpp/X11/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/lpp/X11/include
# Specific for MacOSX
#X11LIBPATH /usr/X11R6/lib
#X11INCPATH /usr/include/X11      

gamit<路径>/libraries压缩包里，修改Makefile.config/Makefile.config.bak中的一组参数

MAXSIT 55

MAXSAT 32

MAXATM 13

MAXEPC 2880

将MAXATM改为25。

执行    ./install_software

安装程序install_software启动，搜索安装目录/opt/gamit10.34下的全部压缩文件，提示

GAMIT and GLOBK to be installed into /opt/gamit10.34

If you need help with command line options type CTL_C now and type

install_software -help on the command line

The compressed tarfiles will be removed after extraction of the

directories, but except for that, the script may be stopped and

rerun safely from any point. Tarfiles to be uncompressed:

     com.10.34.tar.Z etopo5.grd.10.0.tar example.10.34.tar.Z gamit.10.34.tar.Z help.10.34.tar.Z kf.10.34.tar.Z libraries.10.34.tar.Z maps.10.1.tar.Z tables.10.34.tar.Z

Continue ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，开始解压缩安装文件，

.. uncompressing and extracting the directories:

Do you want to apply incremental updates: incremental_updates.080812.tar.Z incremental_updates.080919.tar.Z incremental_updates.081022.tar.Z

Continue ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，开始解压缩安装文件，

.. applying incremental updates:

.. adding /opt/gamit10.34/com to your search path to continue installation

To execute GAMIT and GLOBK you will need to set your login path to

include /opt/gamit10.34/com /opt/gamit10.34/gamit/bin /opt/gamit10.34/kf/bin

You will also need the alias or link gg –> /opt/gamit10.34

Your Operating System type is: Linux

Your default awk version is: /usr/bin/awk

These are the default paths to X11 found in Makefile.config

X11LIBPATH: /usr/lib/X11

X11INCPATH: /usr/include/X11

Searching your system for X11 installation

Found these paths to X11 libs and includes on your system

X11LIBPATH: /usr/lib

X11INCPATH: /usr/include/X11

Are these correct for your system?

Continue? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，提示

GAMIT dimensions in /libraries/Makefile.config are set to

   maxsit = 55

   maxepc = 2880

   maxatm = 25

   maxsat = 32

Are these defaults found in Makefile.config correct?

If NOT edit the Makefile.config now before choosing to contine

Continue ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，开始安装。安装最后会提示

++++++++++++++++++

GLOBK installed

++++++++++++++++++

Create the gg link in your home directory to the version of

gamit/globk you just installed ? (y/n)

输入字母“y”，回车，显示

Making required ~/gg link to newly installed software

ln -s -f /opt/gamit10.34 ~/gg

Don’t forget to set your : path to include /opt/gamit10.34/gamit/bin and /opt/gamit10.34/kf/bin

                          : HELP_DIR environment variable in you shell profile

                            (in .cshrc/.tcshrc add: setenv HELP_DIR /opt/gamit10.34/help/)

                           : INSTITUTE evnironment variable in your shell profile

                            (in your .cshrc/.tcshrc add: setenv INSTITUTE where_i_work)

                            where_i_work is a 3 character identifier for your solutions

至此，软件已经安装成功。但要始软件能够正常使用，还要修改“主文件夹”下的“.cshrc”文件.该文件是用户的C SHELL配置文件，默认为隐藏文件。必须将Gamit的安装目录添加在里面，否则将无法在终端使用Gamit命令进行数据解算。

由于Ubuntu默认使用bash，所以，用户主目录下并没有csh的配置文件，你需要在自己的主文件夹下建立一个“.cshrc”文件，并输入内容如下

#

# This file is applicable to all C-shell users.

# set prompt

set prompt = “[`echo $cwd`]% “

set history = 50

set gamitpath = /opt/gamit10.34

set path = (. /bin /sbin /ect /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/ucb /usr/bin/X11 /usr/X11R6/bin $path)

set path = (. /usr/local/gmt/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/lib /usr/lib $path)

#set path = (. /usr/local/gmt/bin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/lib /usr/ucb/ nfs r0 soft0 0 $path)

set path = (. $gamitpath/gamit/bin $gamitpath/kf/bin $gamitpath/com $path)

setenv HELP_DIR $gamitpath/help/

setenv PATH “/usr/sbin:/sbin:${PATH}”

setenv MANPATH /usr/local/gmt/man:/usr/local/man:/usr/X11R6/man

setenv LIBPATH /usr/local/gmt/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/i386-glibc21-linux/lib

#set gcclib direction

setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH /usr/local/gcc-3.4.1/lib/

# set alias

alias cd ‘cd \!*; set prompt = “[`echo $cwd`]% “‘

alias pwd ‘echo $cwd’

alias ls ‘ls –classify’

alias ll ‘ls -l’

alias la ‘ls -a’

alias rm ‘rm -i’

alias mv ‘mv -i’

保存，OK，全部安装完成。在终端输入

doy

返回

DOY: Converts various date formats

DOY: Converts various date formats.

Runstring:

% doy <jd/year> <doy/month> <day> <hr> <min>

or

% doy <gps_week>W <gps_sow/gps_dow>

or

% doy <DecYear>Y

where jd is Julian date (assumed if only one argument)

      year is calender year

      doy is day of year (assumed if two arguments)

      month is month

      day is day of month.

      hr min is hrs and minutes of day (Only if ymd form used).

In the second form (i.e. W appended to the first value),

the entries are assumed to gps week no and the second entry

(optional) is either gps day of week (0-6) or seconds of

gps week.

NOTE: GPS Day of Week runs from 0-6 (Changed May 20, 1997).

In the third form with Y appended, the argument is taken as

deciminal year. (Versions after 2004/12/21 correctly account

for leap years in converting deciminal years back to Julian dates)

The conversions made are based on the number of arguments

passed.

NDOY: Version of doy of year which takes keyboard input in the

forms above. (^D ends program input).

Example: doy 92 200

Date 1992/07/18 0:00 hrs, DOY 200 JD 2448821.5000 MJD 48821.0000

GPS Week   653 Day of week 6, GPS Seconds 518400 Day of Week Sat

Decimal Year 1992.54372

Example: doy 654W 345600

Date 1992/07/23 0:00 hrs, DOY 205 JD 2448826.5000 MJD 48826.0000

GPS Week   654 Day of week 4, GPS Seconds 345600 Day of Week Thu

Decimal Year 1992.55738

***TODAY*** IS:

Date 2008/10/30 15:19 hrs, DOY 304 JD 2454770.1387 MJD 54769.6387

GPS Week 1503 Day of week 4, GPS Seconds 400786 Day of Week Thu

Decimal Year 2008.829614