服务器评测
Linux基础入门教程-RHEL7.4之YUM更换CentOS源
1.配置YUM本地源
1.挂载镜像
[root@linuxidc ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
2.查看是否挂载成功
[root@linuxidc ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 49G 1.3G 48G 3% /
devtmpfs 479M 0 479M 0% /dev
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 489M 6.6M 482M 2% /run
tmpfs 489M 0 489M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 112M 385M 23% /boot
tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0 3.8G 3.8G 0 100% /mnt
3.备份原来的仓库
[root@linuxidc ~]# cp -r /etc/yum.repos.d /etc/yum.repos.d_bak
[root@linuxidc ~]# rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*
4.创建新的repo配置文件
[root@linuxidc ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo
[dvd]
name=install dvd
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
5.刷新repos生成缓存
[root@linuxidc ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
dvd | 4.1 kB 00:00:00
(1/5): dvd/group_gz | 137 kB 00:00:00
(2/5): dvd/filelists_db | 3.4 MB 00:00:00
(3/5): dvd/primary_db | 4.0 MB 00:00:00
(4/5): dvd/other_db | 1.5 MB 00:00:00
(5/5): dvd/productid | 1.6 kB 00:00:00
Metadata Cache Created
2.使用CentOS源
1.卸载红帽yum
[root@linuxidc Packages]# rpm -e $(rpm -qa | grep yum) –nodeps
[root@linuxidc Packages]# echo $?
0
2.删除yum相关文件
[root@linuxidc Packages]# rm -rf /etc/yum.conf
[root@linuxidc Packages]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@linuxidc Packages]# rm -rf /var/cache/yum
3.下载CentOS相关yum组件
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -ivh *.rpm
warning: Python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing… ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing…
1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 14%]
2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-4################################# [ 29%]
3:yum-3.4.3-158.el7.centos ################################# [ 43%]
4:python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1 ################################# [ 57%]
5:python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7 ################################# [ 71%]
6:yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7 ################################# [ 86%]
7:yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-45.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@linuxidc ~]#
4.创建新的repo文件
[base]
name=CentOS-7 – Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-7 – Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7 – Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7 – Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
5.使用yum makecache刷新生成缓存
[root@linuxidc ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/12): base/x86_64/group_gz | 166 kB 00:00:06
(2/12): base/x86_64/primary_db | 5.9 MB 00:00:02
(3/12): base/x86_64/filelists_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:08
(4/12): base/x86_64/other_db | 2.5 MB 00:00:01
(5/12): extras/x86_64/prestodelta | 68 kB 00:00:06
(6/12): extras/x86_64/primary_db | 173 kB 00:00:00
(7/12): extras/x86_64/other_db | 110 kB 00:00:00
(8/12): extras/x86_64/filelists_db | 588 kB 00:00:06
(9/12): updates/x86_64/prestodelta | 409 kB 00:00:06
(10/12): updates/x86_64/filelists_db | 2.4 MB 00:00:07
(11/12): updates/x86_64/other_db | 381 kB 00:00:00
(12/12): updates/x86_64/primary_db | 4.3 MB 00:00:01
Metadata Cache Created
6.epel扩展源
首先从CentOS Extras这个源（tuna也有镜像）里安装epel-release：
yum install epel-release -y
编辑epel.repo
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 – $basearch
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.Fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
[epel-debuginfo]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 – $basearch – Debug
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/$basearch/debug
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-debug-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
[epel-source]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 – $basearch – Source
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/7/SRPMS
#mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-source-7&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
gpgcheck=1
这些做完以后要删除/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/的文件
把epel中新的文件下载放入其中
[root@linuxidc ~]# ls /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/
RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
更多YUM相关教程见以下内容：
RHEL7 本地yum源配置 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/139140.htm
CentOS 6.5 配置本地Yum源 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/143127.htm
CentOS 7 使用阿里云的yum源、PIP源 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/13966.htm
CentOS及Red Hat Linux安装yum源 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-02/140205.htm
CentOS 7更改yum源与更新系统 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/140067.htm
RedHat7.0配置本地yum源 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/139148.htm
RedHat Linux 7安装CentOS 7 yum源 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/142444.htm
软件包管理之前端管理工具yum https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-02/140270.htm
CentOS 7 使用阿里云的yum源、PIP源 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-01/13966.htm
Linux yum的配置使用和程序包的编译安装 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-09/146903.htm
YUM命令使用示例 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-01/150690.htm
Linux公社的RSS地址：https://www.linuxidc.com/rssFeed.aspx
本文永久更新链接地址：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-09/154064.htm
