Linux Mint 11下Gnome3的安装、配置和卸载

之前为MBP装有四个系统，包括Linux Mint 11和Fedora 15。Mint 11基于最为流行的Ubuntu，因此从软件资源的数量以及易用性方面都是无与伦比，而且因为我一直使用Mint，所以也多少形成一种习惯；而另一方面，Fedora 采用了最新的Gnome3界面，简约而又不失华丽的Gnome3很受我的青睐，所以，最后就同时保留了Mint和Fedora两个系统，以为互补。

不过，虽然存在一些差异，但是Mint和Fedora都是GNU/Linux，是没有本质上的区别的，只能说是大同小异。而且呢，毕竟装了四个系统，有时候真的是有些茫然，不知道该用哪个系统才好。再加上，在使用了一段时间之后发现，虽然Gnome3下的Fedora看起来不错，但是易用性方面跟Ubuntu还是相去甚远的，譬如说，Ubuntu和Mint下面都有软件管理器，寻找软件很方便，但是Fedora下面却没有，只能通过最原始的什么新立得包管理器来安装软件，很不方便。还有，上次要装一个jDownloader软件，官方提供有Ubuntu专用的Deb包，安装起来非常方便快捷，但是却并没有Fedora用的rpm包，所以安装起来很费劲，而且安装完好中文全是方块，也不能在菜单中生成图标，只能通过点击sh脚本来启动程序。总而言之，Fedora跟Ubuntu还是不能比了，所以最后决定将Fedora删除，但同时又比较喜欢Gnome3，所以又将Mint升级到了Gnome3。

Gnome3升级（安装）方法如下：

sudo add–apt–repository ppa:gnome3–team/gnome3

sudo apt–get update

sudo apt–get dist–upgrade

sudo apt–get install gnome–session

sudo apt–get dist–upgrade

sudo apt–get upgrade

sudo apt–get install gnome–shell

Gnome3的配置：

首先安装gnome-tweak-tools:

sudo apt–get install gnome–tweak–tool

这个优化工具可以对Gnome3的字体、主题、图标、外观等等元素进行调节设置和优化。

接下来安装dconf-tools:

sudo apt–get install dconf–tools

我们使用这个工具来解决屏幕亮度不能保存的问题。 【　Linux公社 www.Linuxidc.com　】具体解决办法:

启动dconf-editor，进入配置编辑器，左边的树型菜单里面，依次org->gnome->power-manager
然后在右边找到brightness-ac，修改值即可，值范围在0—1，我修改为0.375。

Gnome3卸载方法如下：

sudo apt–get install ppa–purge

sudo ppa–purge ppa:gnome3–team/gnome3

在卸载的过程中如果出现下述提示：

Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

     gnome–control–center–data recommends gnome–control–center (<< 2.91) […]

在让你选择yes/no的时候，输入：

– gnome–control–center–data

然后输入y，就可以正常完成卸载了。

关于安装卸载方法，可参阅如下链接：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-07/38281p2.htm

How do I install the latest version of GNOME 3?

I followed the instructions for compiling the Gnome 3 Shell and it did compiled with a few errors here and there but it didn’t run. I installed Gnome 3 Shell using sudo apt-get install gnome-shell but I got version 2.31.x but the latest is 2.91.5 or something. So is there a way for me to install the latest build?

Is there some repository available for the latest build?

Using GNOME3 currently is only available for 11.04. This is a major release of GNOME so it likely will not be backported to older versions of Ubuntu.

Note: GNOME3 is provided as a tech preview for 11.04, it is not officially supported by the Ubuntu team. Here’s another warning before you try this.

Using GNOME3 on 11.04 will upgrade major parts of the desktop infrastructure, if you are not familiar with how to do package management then we recommend you try this on a virtualized installation or a non-production system, reverting back to vanilla 11.04 is not trivial.

Specifically GNOME3 will migrate your application settings to gsettings, so if you want to try to rollback you’ll get your old settings from before you upgraded.

As with all major desktop upgrades we recommend backing up your important data before getting started.

Launch the Ubuntu Software Center:

In the menu, select Edit, and choose software sources:

In the Software Sources window, click Add:

In the add window add the following text: ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3 and click Add Source:

Click close

The Software Center will now automatically update and add the GNOME 3 PPA. Navigate to the GNOME3 section:

Run the Update Manager and update your packages (note, the PPA will upgrade some packages)

In addition you need to select and install the following packages (click on the bag icon):

• gnome-shell
  
• gnome-tweak-tool – we recommend this tool if you want to tweak some of the power user settings in GNOME 3.

Then Log out and back in, selecting the GNOME Session in GDM (Todo screenshot)

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get install gnome-session

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo apt-get upgrade

sudo apt-get install gnome-shell

Then log out and back in using the GNOME3 Session.

• Discussion about GNOME3 packaging (Mailing list link on the bottom left): https://launchpad.net/~gnome3-team
  
  
  
  • Most problems and issues with this set of packages can go on this list, it should be the first place you report problems and issues.
  
  
• Bug reports that are NOT packaging related: https://bugzilla.gnome.org/
  
  
  
  • If GNOME3 isn’t working well it could be packaging related, so please don’t just randomly report bugs to GNOME unless you are confident that it’s an upstream GNOME problem.
    
  • If you’re not sure if you should report the bug upstream then ask someone either on IRC or on the mailing list above if you need help determining if something should be reported to GNOME.

Following these steps will remove the GNOME3 PPA and revert your packages:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

sudo ppa-purge ppa:gnome3-team/gnome3

While downgrading, if aptitude gives the following output:

Leave the following dependencies unresolved:

     gnome-control-center-data recommends gnome-control-center (<< 2.91) […]

Then type this when it asks you to enter yes/no: – gnome-control-center-data (Note the – in the beginning, its important). Then press enter, and then it shouldn’t show any packages under Leave the following dependencies unresolved. Type y, and you should soon be downgraded normally to the Ubuntu 11.04 packages.