环境:
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- [Oracle@ www.linuxidc.com ~]$ uname -a
- Linux simpleit.domain.cn 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Fri Apr 2 14:58:35 EDT 2010 i686 athlon i386 GNU/Linux
- [oracle@ www.linuxidc.com ~]$ cat /etc/RedHat-release
- CentOS release 5.5 (Final)
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- DESCRIPTION
- The ipcs utility shall write information about active interprocess communication facili-
- ties.
- Without options, information shall be written in short format for message queues, shared
- memory segments, and semaphore sets that are currently active in the system. Otherwise, the
- information that is displayed is controlled by the options specified.
- -b Write information on maximum allowable size. (Maximum number of bytes in messages on
- queue for message queues, size of segments for shared memory, and number of
- semaphores in each set for semaphores.)
- [oracle@ www.linuxidc.com ~]$ ipcs -b
- ipcs: invalid option — b
- usage : ipcs -asmq -tclup
- ipcs [-s -m -q] -i id
- ipcs -h for help.
- [oracle@ www.linuxidc.com ~]$ ipcs
- —— Shared Memory Segments ——–
- key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
- 0xe9b42ad8 2228225 oracle 640 88080384 13
- 0x8cdf18fc 2359299 oracle 640 528482304 26
- —— Semaphore Arrays ——–
- key semid owner perms nsems
- 0xbbe791cc 98304 oracle 640 44
- 0x9d085d3c 491521 oracle 640 154
- —— Message Queues ——–
- key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages
- [oracle@ www.linuxidc.com ~]$ ipcs -m
- —— Shared Memory Segments ——–
- key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
- 0xe9b42ad8 2228225 oracle 640 88080384 13
- 0x8cdf18fc 2359299 oracle 640 528482304 26
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
使用ipcs可以查看系统的SGA是否由多个不连续的内存块组成,如果数据库失败,在释放内存时就会出现问题。使用ipcrm命令(仅仅用于在数据库失败之后SGA碎片没有被释放的情况)可以从内存中去除SGA碎片。不要在一个正在运行的数据库中运行ipcrm命令。
ipcrm命令
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- DESCRIPTION
- The ipcrm utility shall remove zero or more message queues, semaphore sets, or shared mem-
- ory segments. The interprocess communication facilities to be removed are specified by the
- options.
- Only a user with appropriate privilege shall be allowed to remove an interprocess communi-
- cation facility that was not created by or owned by the user invoking ipcrm.
- -q msgid –队列id
- Remove the message queue identifier msgid from the system and destroy the message
- queue and data structure associated with it.
- -m shmid –共享内存id
- Remove the shared memory identifier shmid from the system. The shared memory segment
- and data structure associated with it shall be destroyed after the last detach.
- -s semid –信号量id
- Remove the semaphore identifier semid from the system and destroy the set of
- semaphores and data structure associated with it.
- 比如 ipcrm -m 2359299