服务器评测
在上一篇文章《multipath多路径实验01-构建iSCSI模拟环境》，我构建了iSCSI的模拟环境，在文章最后，已经成功配置并在主机上认出多个链路分别映射出的盘。而本文我就要对这样的多路径环境，通过Linux自带multipath多路径软件聚合成可以方便我们后期使用的形式。
•1.安装多路径软件包
•2.设置服务开机启动
•3.生成multipath配置文件
•4.multipath的常用命令
•5.udev绑定权限
•6.新建ASM磁盘组测试
1.安装多路径软件包
查询是否安装了多路径软件包：
rpm -qa |grep device-mapper-multipath
如果没有安装，则用yum安装即可：
yum install device-mapper-multipath
[root@jyrac1 ~]# yum install device-mapper-multipath
Loaded plugins: product-id, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package device-mapper-multipath.x86_64 0:0.4.9-72.el6 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: device-mapper-multipath-libs = 0.4.9-72.el6 for package: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmultipath.so()(64bit) for package: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64
–> Processing Dependency: libmpathpersist.so.0()(64bit) for package: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package device-mapper-multipath-libs.x86_64 0:0.4.9-72.el6 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
==================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==================================================================================================================
Installing:
device-mapper-multipath x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6 ISO 116 k
Installing for dependencies:
device-mapper-multipath-libs x86_64 0.4.9-72.el6 ISO 180 k
Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================
Install 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 297 k
Installed size: 653 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
——————————————————————————————————————
Total 2.8 MB/s | 297 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 1/2
Installing : device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 2/2
Verifying : device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 1/2
Verifying : device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64 2/2
Installed:
device-mapper-multipath.x86_64 0:0.4.9-72.el6
Dependency Installed:
device-mapper-multipath-libs.x86_64 0:0.4.9-72.el6
Complete!
如果不方便配置yum，也可以直接rpm安装这两个包：
[root@jyrac2 Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: device-mapper-multipath-libs-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing… ########################################### [100%]
1:device-mapper-multipath########################################### [100%]
[root@jyrac2 Packages]# rpm -ivh device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-72.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing… ########################################### [100%]
1:device-mapper-multipath########################################### [100%]
2.设置服务开机启动
查询当前开机自启用设置：
chkconfig –list|grep multipathd
确认内核成功加载：
modprobe -l |grep multipath
确认开启开机自启动：
[root@jyrac1 ~]# chkconfig multipathd on
[root@jyrac1 ~]# chkconfig –list|grep multipathd
multipathd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
3.生成multipath配置文件
生成multipath配置文件:
/sbin/mpathconf –enable
确认服务状态：
service multipathd status
4.multipath的常用命令
常用命令：
–生成multipath配置文件
/sbin/mpathconf –enable
–显示多路径的布局
multipath -ll
–重新刷取
multipath -v2
–清空所有多路径
multipath -F
针对上述常用命令，实际操作的记录，供参考：
[root@jyrac1 ~]# multipath -ll
Jul 18 15:57:18 | DM multipath kernel driver not loaded
Jul 18 15:57:18 | /etc/multipath.conf does not exist, blacklisting all devices.
Jul 18 15:57:18 | A sample multipath.conf file is located at
Jul 18 15:57:18 | /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9/multipath.conf
Jul 18 15:57:18 | You can run /sbin/mpathconf to create or modify /etc/multipath.conf
Jul 18 15:57:18 | DM multipath kernel driver not loaded
[root@jyrac1 ~]# chkconfig –list|grep multipathd
multipathd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
[root@jyrac1 ~]# modprobe -l |grep multipath
kernel/drivers/md/dm-multipath.ko
[root@jyrac1 ~]# service multipathd status
multipathd is stopped
[root@jyrac1 ~]# service multipathd start
Starting multipathd daemon: [ OK ]
[root@jyrac1 ~]# multipath -ll
Jul 18 15:59:00 | /etc/multipath.conf does not exist, blacklisting all devices.
Jul 18 15:59:00 | A sample multipath.conf file is located at
Jul 18 15:59:00 | /usr/share/doc/device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9/multipath.conf
Jul 18 15:59:00 | You can run /sbin/mpathconf to create or modify /etc/multipath.conf
[root@jyrac1 ~]# /sbin/mpathconf –enable
[root@jyrac1 ~]# multipath -v2
Jul 18 16:02:52 | mpatha: ignoring map
Jul 18 16:02:52 | mpathb: ignoring map
Jul 18 16:02:52 | mpathc: ignoring map
Jul 18 16:02:52 | mpathd: ignoring map
Jul 18 16:02:52 | mpathe: ignoring map
Jul 18 16:02:52 | mpathf: ignoring map
create: mpathg (1IET 00010001) undef IET,VIRTUAL-DISK
size=10G features=’0′ hwhandler=’0′ wp=undef
|-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=undef
| `- 10:0:0:1 sdi 8:128 undef ready running
`-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=undef
`- 11:0:0:1 sdj 8:144 undef ready running
[root@jyrac1 ~]# multipath -ll
mpathg (1IET 00010001) dm-2 IET,VIRTUAL-DISK
size=10G features=’0′ hwhandler=’0′ wp=rw
|-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=active
| `- 10:0:0:1 sdi 8:128 active ready running
`-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=enabled
`- 11:0:0:1 sdj 8:144 active ready running
[root@jyrac1 ~]#
这里测试没有问题后，为了后续方便测试ASM磁盘组，在iSCSI服务端又分了一个10g的lv，模拟存储端分出的一个LUN，最后在这边就应该有两个多路径聚合盘了。同样的方法在RAC的另一个节点也都配置好。
5.udev绑定权限
我这里系统是RHEL6.5，对于multipath的权限，手工去修改几秒后会变回root。所以需要使用udev去绑定好权限。
搜索对应的配置文件模板：
[root@jyrac1 ~]# find / -name 12-*
/usr/share/doc/device-mapper-1.02.79/12-dm-permissions.rules
根据模板新增12-dm-permissions.rules文件在/etc/udev/rules.d/下面：
vi /etc/udev/rules.d/12-dm-permissions.rules
# MULTIPATH DEVICES
#
# Set permissions for all multipath devices
ENV{DM_UUID}==”mpath-?*”, OWNER:=”grid”, GROUP:=”asmadmin”, MODE:=”660″
# Set permissions for first two partitions created on a multipath device (and detected by kpartx)
# ENV{DM_UUID}==”part[1-2]-mpath-?*”, OWNER:=”root”, GROUP:=”root”, MODE:=”660″
查看多路径对应的底层dm设备：
[root@jyrac2 rules.d]# ls -lh /dev/dm*
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 0 Jul 19 16:40 /dev/dm-0
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 1 Jul 19 16:40 /dev/dm-1
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 2 Jul 19 21:20 /dev/dm-2
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 3 Jul 19 21:20 /dev/dm-3
–启动start_udev
[root@jyrac2 rules.d]# start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]
–查看权限：
[root@jyrac2 rules.d]# ls -lh /dev/dm*
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 0 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-0
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 1 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-1
brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 253, 2 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-2
brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 253, 3 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-3
–等30s后再查，权限固定：
[root@jyrac2 rules.d]# ls -lh /dev/dm*
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 0 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-0
brw-rw—- 1 root disk 253, 1 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-1
brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 253, 2 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-2
brw-rw—- 1 grid asmadmin 253, 3 Jul 19 21:35 /dev/dm-3
发现权限固定不变没有问题了，在RAC的另一个节点也同样设置。
这时多路径的信息再查看下：
[root@jyrac1 ~]# multipath -ll
mpathi (1IET 00010002) dm-2 IET,VIRTUAL-DISK
size=10G features=’0′ hwhandler=’0′ wp=rw
|-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=active
| `- 13:0:0:2 sdk 8:160 active ready running
`-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=enabled
`- 12:0:0:2 sdl 8:176 active ready running
mpathg (1IET 00010001) dm-3 IET,VIRTUAL-DISK
size=10G features=’0′ hwhandler=’0′ wp=rw
|-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=active
| `- 13:0:0:1 sdi 8:128 active ready running
`-+- policy=’round-robin 0′ prio=1 status=enabled
`- 12:0:0:1 sdj 8:144 active ready running
[root@jyrac1 ~]#
在另一个节点也要达到同样效果。
6.新建ASM磁盘组测试
使用grid用户登录xmanager图形界面调出asmca，创建一个新的磁盘组data2，使用这两个盘。冗余度选择Normal冗余：
最终加磁盘组成功，对应查询磁盘组和磁盘的相关信息如下：
SQL> select group_number, disk_number, name, path, mode_status, voting_file from v$asm_disk order by 1,2;
GROUP_NUMBER DISK_NUMBER NAME PATH MODE_ST V
———— ———– —————————— ————————————————– ——- –
1 0 DATA1_0000 /dev/asm-diske ONLINE N
1 1 DATA1_0001 /dev/asm-diskf ONLINE N
1 2 DATA1_0002 /dev/asm-diskg ONLINE N
2 0 FRA1_0000 /dev/asm-diskh ONLINE N
3 0 OCR1_0000 /dev/asm-diskb ONLINE Y
3 1 OCR1_0001 /dev/asm-diskc ONLINE Y
3 2 OCR1_0002 /dev/asm-diskd ONLINE Y
4 0 DATA2_0000 /dev/mapper/mpathg ONLINE N
4 1 DATA2_0001 /dev/mapper/mpathi ONLINE N
9 rows selected.
SQL> select group_number, name, total_mb, free_mb, usable_file_mb, offline_disks, state, type from v$asm_diskgroup;
GROUP_NUMBER NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB USABLE_FILE_MB OFFLINE_DISKS STATE TYPE
———— —————————— ———- ———- ————– ————- ———– ——
1 DATA1 15360 13204 13204 0 CONNECTED EXTERN
2 FRA1 5120 3773 3773 0 CONNECTED EXTERN
3 OCR1 3072 2146 561 0 MOUNTED NORMAL
4 DATA2 20480 20290 10145 0 MOUNTED NORMAL
至此，有关Linux自带的multipath多路径软件相关的实验已经全部完成。
本文永久更新链接地址：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2018-10/154929.htm
