Gentoo Linux安装–Intel CPU类型设置及优化

主机平台：Gentoo 11.2

内核版本：Linux Kernel 3.2.1

CPU型号：Pentium Dual-Core T2370 32-bit

1、通过查看CPU的信息可以看到Intel Core 2 Duo/Quad / Xeon 51xx/53xx, Pentium Dual-Core T23xx+/Exxxx的硬件信息如下：

首先设置/etc/make.conf中CFLAGS

我的make.conf文件如下：

1. CFLAGS=”-O2 -march=prescott -pipe -fomit-frame-pointer”  
   
2. CXXFLAGS=”${CFLAGS}”  
   
3. # WARNING: Changing your CHOST is not something that should be done lightly.  
   
4. # Please consult http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/change-chost.xml before changing.  
   
5. CHOST=”i686-pc-linux-gnu”  
   
6. MAKEOPTS=”-j3″  
   
7. USE=”gnome X dbus hal v4l -qt3 -qt4 gtk laptop samba -kde -arts consolekit policykit udev alsa cdr -cups -bluetooth”  
   
8.   
   
9. GENTOO_MIRRORS=”http://mirrors.163.com/gentoo”  
   
10.   
    
11. SYNC=”rsync://mirrors.163.com/gentoo-portage/”  
    
12.   
    
13. LINGUAS=”en_US en_GB uk zh_CN ”  

如果机器是64位的，则设置CFLAGS如下：

CHOST=”x86_64-pc-linux-gnu”

CFLAGS=”-march=nocona -O2 -pipe -fomit-frame-pointer”

2、内核编译选项

如果你的处理器是双核的，那么激活这个选项:

Processor type and features —>

 [*] Symmetric multi-processing support

 (2) Maximum number of CPUs (2-256)

 [ ] SMT (Hyperthreading) scheduler support

 [*] Multi-core scheduler support

Processor type and features —>

 [*] Machine Check Exception

 < > Check for non-fatal errors on AMD Athlon/Duron / Intel Pentium 4

Processor type and features —>

 — Machine check support  

 [*] Intel MCE features

Executable file formats / Emulations —>

 [*] IA32 Emulation

3、自动降频

内核的配置

Power management options —>

 ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) Support —>

 [*] ACPI Support

 <*> Processor

 CPU Frequency scaling —>

 [*] CPU Frequency scaling

 <*> CPU frequency translation statistics

 [*] CPU frequency translation statistics details

• Conservative 将CPU设置为最省电的状态,当CPU需要使用更多电力的时候一步步地提升CPU的频率.
  
• Ondemand 将CPU的频率设置为最低，当CPU在最低频率时如果使用率达到100%把CPU的频率提升到额定频率。
  
• Powersave将CPU的频率一直设置为最低。
  
• Performance 使CPU保持额定频率运行。
  
• Userspace 允许你手动设置CPU的频率。

你可以随时改变你的CPU的省电方式。

Power management options —>

 CPU Frequency scaling —>

 # E.g. for ondemand

 <*> ‘ondemand’ cpufreq policy governor

Power management options —>

 CPU Frequency scaling —>

 # E.g. for Intel Core2 Duo

 <*> ACPI Processor P-States driver

你启用了它之后它不会在每次启动后自动运行，所以你需要把它加入rc脚本中。

芯片内置的微代码，用于升级CPU中的微程序以修正处理器的BUG

首先添加内核的微码支持

然后添加软件的支持，并添加到开机启动服务自动运行。

1. sudo emerge emerge -av microcode-ctl  


2. sudo /etc/init.d/microcode_ctl start  


3. sudo rc-update add microcode_ctl default  

如果没有modprobe一下

下面是信息日志

2012-03-14T16:09:01.441949+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253418] Registering platform device ‘microcode’. Parent at platform
2012-03-14T16:09:01.441986+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253423] device: ‘microcode’: device_add
2012-03-14T16:09:01.455766+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253432] bus: ‘platform’: add device microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.455797+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253442] PM: Adding info for platform:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.455804+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253470] microcode: CPU0 sig=0x6fd, pf=0x80, revision=0xa1
2012-03-14T16:09:01.455810+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253477] platform microcode: firmware: requesting intel-ucode/06-0f-0d
2012-03-14T16:09:01.455815+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253482] device: ‘microcode’: device_add
2012-03-14T16:09:01.455819+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.253493] PM: Adding info for No Bus:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.490927+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.302793] device: ‘microcode’: device_unregister
2012-03-14T16:09:01.490964+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.302799] PM: Removing info for No Bus:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.490970+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.302852] microcode: CPU1 sig=0x6fd, pf=0x80, revision=0xa1
2012-03-14T16:09:01.490976+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.302859] platform microcode: firmware: requesting intel-ucode/06-0f-0d
2012-03-14T16:09:01.490981+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.302864] device: ‘microcode’: device_add
2012-03-14T16:09:01.490986+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.302878] PM: Adding info for No Bus:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.508965+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.320982] device: ‘microcode’: device_unregister
2012-03-14T16:09:01.509000+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.320988] PM: Removing info for No Bus:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.509006+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.321062] device: ‘microcode’: device_add
2012-03-14T16:09:01.509922+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.321213] PM: Adding info for No Bus:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:01.509939+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27137.321238] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba
2012-03-14T16:09:36.164996+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27171.976391] microcode: CPU0 updated to revision 0xa4, date = 2010-10-02
2012-03-14T16:09:36.165032+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27171.976823] microcode: CPU1 updated to revision 0xa4, date = 2010-10-02
2012-03-14T16:09:36.258277+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27172.069653] device: ‘microcode’: device_unregister
2012-03-14T16:09:36.258314+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27172.069658] PM: Removing info for No Bus:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:36.258321+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27172.069764] device: ‘microcode’: device_create_release
2012-03-14T16:09:36.258327+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27172.069794] PM: Removing info for platform:microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:36.258332+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27172.069804] bus: ‘platform’: remove device microcode
2012-03-14T16:09:36.258337+08:00 yan-laptop kernel: [27172.069817] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 removed.

升级成功。

参考：

http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Intel_Microcode

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/56745.htm