前言*
KickStart很多运维人员都非常熟悉,我们大多数都用它来实现自动安装系统,常见的用自动安装RedHat Linux,最近由于业务需求,需要安装Ubuntu,跟Redhat Linux还是有一些区别,记录安装步骤,供大家相互交流和学习!
一、环境及软件
系统:CentOS 6.0、Ubuntu 12.04
软件:KickStart、PXE、HTTPd、TFTPp、DHCP
二、正式安装
本环境是基于在CentOS系统上搭建KickStart Ubuntu自动安装服务端。
在服务器端执行:yum install dhcp* tftp* httpd* -y
安装完后然后配置
1、配置ftfp:
- # default: off
-
- # description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
-
- # protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
-
- # workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
-
- # and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
-
- service tftp
-
- {
-
- disable = no
-
- socket_type = dgram
-
- protocol = udp
-
- wait = yes
-
- user = root
-
- server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
-
- server_args = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
-
- per_source = 11
-
- cps = 100 2
-
- flags = IPv4
-
- }
把disable=yes改成disable=no即可!
安装完tftp后,默认在/根目录会生成/tftpboot文件夹,如果没有请链接ln –s /var/lib/tftboot /即可。
挂载ubuntu12.04.iso文件
Mount /dev/cdrom /mnt &&cp /mnt/install/netboot/* /tftboot/下
然后修改vi /tftboot/ubuntu-installer/amd64/boot-screens/txt.cfg如下:
2、配置httpd、kickstart:
正如第二步截图里面有一个http://192.9.117.143/ubuntu/ks.cfg
默认安装完后apache的发布目录为/var/www/html
在/var/www/html下建立安装源:
mkdir -p /var/www/html/ubuntu
然后将ubuntu光盘所有文件拷贝到/var/www/html/ubuntu下
cp -a /mnt/* /var/www/html/ubuntu
然后在/var/www/html/ubuntu目录下新建ks.cfg文件,权限设置为chmod 777 ks.cfg
ks.cfg内容如下:
- install
- text
- lang en_US
- langsupport en_US
- keyboard us
- mouse
- timezone –utc Asia/Chongqing
- rootpw –disabled
- user tdt –fullname=“tdt” –password wuguangke
- reboot
- url –url http://192.9.117.143/ubuntu
- bootloader –location=mbr
- zerombr yes
- clearpart –all –initlabel
- part /boot –fstype ext4 –size 200
- part swap –size 1024
- part / –fstype ext4 –size 1 –grow
- auth –useshadow –enablemd5
- network –bootproto=dhcp –device=eth0
- firewall –disabled
- skipx
- %packages
- penssh-server
- openssh-client
- nfs-kernel-server
- vim
3、配置dhcp:
下面贴出我真实环境的DHCP配置内容:
- ddns-update-style interim;
- ignore client-updates;
- next-server 192.9.117.143;
- filename “pxelinux.0”;
- allow booting;
- allow bootp;
- subnet 192.9.117.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
- # — default gateway
-
- option routers 192.9.117.254;
-
- option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
-
- # option nis-domain “domain.org”;
-
- option domain-name “tdt.com”;
-
- option domain-name-servers 202.106.0.20;
-
- option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
-
- range 192.9.117.140 192.9.117.160;
- }
三、启动服务
以上所有配置完毕,启动所有相关服务
/etc/init.d/dhcpd start ;/etc/init.d/xinetd start ;/etc/init.d/httpd start 即可!
四、测试kickstart是否成功
找一台客户机,BIOS修改成网卡启动即可!
安装图集:
这一步需要手动回车,之后就不需要回车了:
格式化磁盘
安装软件包
更多Ubuntu相关信息见Ubuntu 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=2