CentOS-6.3-x86_64自定义镜像制作过程

1.下载需要的软件包

使用downloadonly命令下载需要的软件包（只下载不安装），将软件包保存到/rpm目录下：

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /rpm

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install yum-downloadonly

[root@localhost ~]# yum install –downloadonly –downloaddir=/rpm ntp net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-utils php-snmp expect mysql-devel mysql-server gcc-c++ make wget kvm libvirt python-virtinst scons ruby-devel ruby-docs ruby-ri flex bison xmlrpc-c-devel

2.挂载光盘将原光盘镜像内容同步

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install createrepo mkisofs rsync

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/OS

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom

[root@localhost ~]# rsync -a /mnt/cdrom/* /data/OS/

[root@localhost ~]# cp /mnt/cdrom/.discinfo /data/OS/

3.将下载的软件包copy到Packages目录下

[root@localhost ~]#cp /mfs/* /data/OS/Packages/

4.配置kickstart脚本

[root@localhost ~]#vi /data/OS/isolinux/ks.cfg

# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

#version=DEVEL
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install

# Use CDROM installation media
cdrom

# Install OS language
lang zh_CN.UTF-8

# Keyboardlanguage
keyboard us

# Install OS Network
network –onboot no –bootproto dhcp –hostname=ezCloud –noipv6
# Root password default is “ezcloud”

rootpw  ezcloud

# Firewall configuration
firewall –disabled

# Firewall configuration
authconfig –enableshadow –passalgo=sha512

# Skip xwindows
skipx

# Selinuxconfiguration
selinux –disabled

# Timezone config
timezone –utc Asia/Shanghai
bootloader –location=mbr

# Clear disk part
clearpart –all –initlabel

# Disk Partition information

part /boot –fstype=ext4 –size=200
part / –fstype=ext4 –size=10240
part swap –size=2048

part /data –fstype=ext4 –grow –size=200

#repo –name=”CentOS”  –baseurl=cdrom:sr0 –cost=100
reboot

%packages –nobase
@core
ntp
vixie-cron
net-snmp-devel
net-snmp-utils
php-snmp
expect
mysql-devel
mysql-server
gcc-c++
make
wget
kvm
libvirt
python-virtinst
scons
ruby-devel
ruby-docs
ruby-ri
flex
bison
xmlrpc-c-devel
puppet-server
%end

5.系统从kickstart启动配置

[root@localhost ~]# vi /data/OS/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
default linux
label linux
kernel vmlinuz
append ks=cdrom:/isolinux/ks.cfg initrd=initrd.img

6.生成rpm包的依赖关系

[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/OS/

[root@localhost OS]# createrepo -g repodata/*minimal-x86_64.xml /data/OS/

[root@localhost OS]# declare -x discinfo=`head -1 .discinfo`

[root@localhost OS]# createrepo -u “media://$discinfo” -g repodata/*minimal-x86_64.xml /data/OS/

7.生成ISO镜像文件

[root@localhost OS]# mkisofs -R -J -T -r -l -d -joliet-long -allow-multidot -allow-leading-dots -no-bak -o /data/CentOS-6.3-x86_64.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table /data/OS

8.生成MD5校验码

[root@localhost OS]# /usr/bin/md5sum /data/CentOS-6.3-x86_64.iso

02601a627d6fd0a021c6876806d884bd /data/CentOS-6.3-x86_64.iso

[root@localhost OS]#

总结：

问题1：

yum下载需要的软件包时尽量精简，确认需要下载的软件包名字正确，安全起见，最好逐个下载。

问题2：

生成镜像安装时可能出现如下提示：

“有些您选择要安装的软件包缺少相依性………….”

问题在于第一步下载的软件包中，被依赖的软件包也有依赖关系，而这些依赖包在批量yum时不会被下载。

解决办法：

1.mkdir -p /rpmsec

2.yum install –downloadonly –downloaddir=/rpmsec 图片中的软件包；

3.把这些包也放到Packages目录下，cp /rpmsec/* /data/OS/Packages/

4.重做步骤6-8；