系统环境:RHEL5 [ 2.6.18-8.el5xen ]
软件环境:
http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.25.19.tar.bz2
http://www.netfilter.org/projects/iptables/files/iptables-1.4.2.tar.bz2
http://ie.archive.Ubuntu.com/sourceforge/l/l7/l7-filter/netfilter-layer7-v2.20.tar.gz
http://ie.archive.ubuntu.com/sourceforge/l/l7/l7-filter/l7-protocols-2008-10-04.tar.gz
目标功能:
为iptables增加layer7补丁,实现应用层过滤。
推荐阅读:
iptables—包过滤(网络层)防火墙 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88423.htm
Linux防火墙iptables详细教程 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87045.htm
iptables+L7+Squid实现完善的软件防火墙 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/84802.htm
iptables的备份、恢复及防火墙脚本的基本使用 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88535.htm
Linux下防火墙iptables用法规则详解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-08/67952.htm
文字版:为iptables增加layer7补丁(Linux2.6.25内核) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-09/70809.htm
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一、重新编译内核
1、合并kernel+layer7补丁
shell> tar -jxvf linux-2.6.25.19.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src/
shell> tar -zxvf netfilter-layer7-v2.20.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
shell> cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.25.19/
shell> patch -p1 < /usr/src/netfilter-layer7-v2.20/kernel-2.6.25-layer7-2.20.patch
查看当前的内核
将新的内核和补丁下载到linux上
拆包内核和补丁
[root@localhost ~]# tar -jxvf linux-2.6.25.19.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src/
[root@localhost ~]# tar -jxvf netfilter-layer7-v2.20.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
2.配置内核
shell> cp /boot/config-2.6.18-8.el5 .config
//配置内核时,在“Networking —> Networking Options —> Network Packet filtering framework (Netfilter) ”处主要注意两个地方:
1) —> Code Netfilter Configuration
//将“Netfilter connection tracking suport (NEW)”选择编译为模块(M),需选取此项才能看到layer7支持的配置。
//将layer7、string、state、time、IPsec、iprange、connlimit……等编译成模块,根据需要看着办。
2) —> IP: Netfilter Configuration
//将“IPv4 connection tracking support (require for NAT)”编译成模块。
//将“Full NAT”下的“MASQUERADE target support”和“REDIRECT target support”编译成模块。
3、编译及安装模块、新内核
shell> make && make modules_install && make install
//编译安装成后后,重启选择使用新的内核(2.6.25.19)引导系统
这个过程会花费很多时间,不急,慢慢来
二、重新编译iptables
1、卸载现有iptables
shell> rpm -e iptables iptstat –nodeps
2、合并iptables+layer7补丁
shell> tar jxvf iptables-1.4.2.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src/
shell> cd /usr/src/netfilter-layer7-v2.20/iptables-1.4.1.1-for-kernel-2.6.20forward/
shell> cp libxt_layer7.c libxt_layer7.man /usr/src/iptables-1.4.2/extensions/
3、编译安装
shell> cd /usr/src/iptables-1.4.2/
4、安装l7-protocols模式包
shell> tar zxvf l7-protocols-2008-10-04.tar.gz -C /etc/
shell> mv /etc/l7-protocols-2008-10-04 /etc/l7-protocols
三、layer7规则示例
1、layer7 match
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m layer7 –l7proto qq -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m layer7 –l7proto msnmessenger -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m layer7 –l7proto msn-filetransfer -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m layer7 –l7proto xunlei -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m layer7 –l7proto edonkey -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m layer7 –l7proto bittorrent -j DROP
2、string match
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -p udp –dport 53 -m string –string “tencent” –algo bm -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -p udp –dport 53 -m string –string “verycd” –algo bm -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp –dport 80 -m string –string “sex” –algo bm -j DROP
3、state match
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m state –state NEW -p tcp ! –syn -j DROP
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -m state –state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
4、connlimit match
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp –syn -m connlimit –connlimit-above 100 –connlimit-mask 24 -j DROP
5、time match
shell> iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp –dport 80 -m time –timestart 8:00 –timestop 17:00 –weekdays Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri -j ACCEPT