服务器评测
本实验是在VirtualBox上搭建的虚拟机环境，使用的系统为RHEL6.4_64bit，由于VirtualBox默认不支持PXE网络启动，之后发现可以用官方提供的插件解决
插件下载地址：http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/，找到对应版本目录下以.vbox-extpack结尾的文件
1、搭建Yum源（本地光盘镜像）
# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo
[base]
name=base repo
baseurl=file:///media/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
2、安装syslinux、tftp-server、vsftpd
# yum -y install syslinux
# yum -y install tftp-server
# chkconfig tftp on
# service xinetd restart
# yum -y install vsftpd
# service vsftpd start
# chkconfig vsftpd on
3、复制PXE相关文件并修改
<1> 从光盘镜像中复制PXE启动时需要的文件
# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
# cp /media/cdrom/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
# cp /media/cdrom/isolinux/initrd.img /var/lib/tftpboot/
# cp /media/cdrom/isolinux/vmlinuz /var/lib/tftpboot/
<2> 修改/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default文件
# vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default linux # 配置默认启动
#prompt 1
timeout 600 # 默认超时时间
display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
label linux
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=ftp://192.168.1.100/ks.cfg # 配置读取的kickstart安装配置文件
label vesa
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset
label rescue
menu label ^Rescue installed system
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
menu label ^Memory test
kernel memtest
append –
4、安装配置DHCP服务
<1> 安装DHCP服务
12 # yum -y install dhcp.x86_64 dhcp-devel.x86_64
# cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
<2> 配置DHCP服务
1234567 # vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { # 所属网段及掩码
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.101 192.168.1.200; # IP地址池范围
option routers 192.168.1.1; # 路由器IP（网关）
next-server 192.168.1.100; # 服务器IP地址（本机）
filename=”pxelinux.0″; # PXE获得IP后的引导文件
}
<3> 启动DHCP服务
# service dhcpd start
# chkconfig dhcpd on
5、生成kickstart配置文件
<1> 安装kickstart软件包
# yum install system-config-kickstart
<2> 图形化工具配置生成ks.cfg文件
# system-config-kickstart
注：所要安装的软件包可以在图形化配置中选择，也可之后修改配置文件写入软件包列表
更多详情请继续阅读第2页的内容：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91384p2.htm
相关阅读：
使用PXE+DHCP+Apache+Kickstart无人值守安装CentOS5.8 x86_64 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-12/76913.htm
Kickstart 全自动化安装 CentOS 6.3 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-12/75570.htm
Kickstart 自动化安装Linux笔记 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/73853.htm
PXE/Kickstart实现远程自动安装RedHat Linux http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/73361.htm
DHCP+TFTP+HTTP+Kickstart网络自动化部署服务器 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-11/73852.htm
<3> 修改新生成的ks.cfg文件
# vim /root/ks.cfg
#platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T
#version=DEVEL
# Firewall configuration
firewall –disabled
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Use network installation
url –url=”ftp://192.168.1.100/pub”
# Root password
rootpw –iscrypted $1$tD0M/Ntd$E9ycZ9y9I3V7eOJyb5dh5.
# System authorization information
auth –useshadow –passalgo=sha512
# Use graphical install
graphical
firstboot –disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang zh_CN
# SELinux configuration
selinux –disabled
# Installation logging level
logging –level=info
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# Network information
network –bootproto=dhcp –device=eth0 –onboot=on
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader –location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart –all –initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part / –fstype=”ext4″ –size=200
part / –fstype=”ext4″ –size=30720
part swap –fstype=”swap” –size=2048
%packages # 所要安装的软件包
@base
@chinese-support
@console-internet
@core
@debugging
@basic-desktop
@development
@directory-client
@hardware-monitoring
@java-platform
@large-systems
@network-file-system-client
@performance
@perl-runtime
@system-management-snmp
@server-platform
@server-policy
@x11
mtools
pax
oddjob
sgpio
device-mapper-persistent-data
systemtap-client
jpackage-utils
samba-winbind
certmonger
pam_krb5
krb5-workstation
perl-DBD-SQLite
%end
注：如之前图形化配置中未配置所要安装的软件包，可复制本机的/root/anaconda-ks.cfg中%packages及之后的内容，粘贴至ks.cfg文件最后面即可
<4> 将配置文件复制到Vsftp服务的根目录中
# cp /root/ks.cfg /var/ftp
6、将系统安装文件复制到Vsftp服务根目录中的pub目录下（也可使用挂载光盘镜像的方式）
# umount /media/cdrom
# mount /dev/cdrom /var/ftp/pub/
7、关闭iptables和selinux
# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
8、测试
在VirtualBox中新建虚拟机(网卡改为桥接)，启动时按F12进入boot选项后，按l即可
更多RedHat相关信息见RedHat 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=10
