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Emacs开发Java
前言
笔者把多年Ubuntu上用Emacs和Maven开发Java应用（包括TestNG和Web application)的技巧总结出来，希望对有志于Linux开发的朋友有帮助。我并不反对用IDE开发，但是很多时候，Emacs能够带来更快的速度（同时对机器硬件要求也很小），对Java工程的更透彻了解，更容易和开源领域的工程师交流。我还不怎么喜欢用鼠标，Emacs让我能够解放我的右手。
安装
1.确保你已经安装了JDK
2.确保你安装了Maven
3.安装Emacs:sudo apt-get install emacs
4.下载jdee-bin-2.4.0.1.zip和依赖文件elib-1.0.zip,地址在这里：http://sourceforge.net/projects/jdee/files/
5.将两个文件解压到/opt/emacs_plugins/目录下面
6.还需要下载ecb-2.40和ecb.el，也放在emacs_plugins目录下
7.下载javadoc-help的javadoc-help.el文件放在/opt/emacs_plugins/java目录下面 http://javadochelp.sourceforge.net/
配置.emacs
配置JDEE
;;JDEE configuration
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “/opt/emacs_plugins/jdee-2.4.0.1/lisp”))
(load-file “/opt/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0pre7/common/cedet.el”)
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “/opt/emacs_plugins/elib-1.0”))
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “/opt/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40”))
;;(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “/opt/emacs_plugins/jde-jalopy”))
(load-file (expand-file-name “/opt/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40/ecb.el”))
(require ‘font-lock)
(require ‘ecb)
(require ‘ecb-autoloads)
(require ‘jde)
(custom-set-variables
‘(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-generic))
‘(browse-url-generic-program “chromium-browser”)
‘(column-number-mode t)
‘(jde-complete-function (quote jde-complete-menu))
‘(jde-debugger (quote (“jdb”)))
‘(jde-jdk-registry (quote ((“1.6.0_35” . “/usr/jdk1.6”))))
‘(jde-resolve-relative-paths-p t)
‘(jde-run-option-debug (quote (“Server” “Socket” “javadebug” nil “5005” t))))
查看API文档
可惜的是javadoc-helper不能检索jdk文档。自己在浏览器里面保留一个书签代替吧。
;; Java document support
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “/opt/emacs_plugins/java”))
(require ‘javadoc-help)
(javadoc-set-predefined-urls ‘(“/opt/java_docs/common-cache-1.0.0-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/commons-codec-1.4-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/commons-logging-1.1.1-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/ehcache-server-1.0.0-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/gson-1.7.1-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/jcommander-1.12-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/jersey-apache-client-1.9.1-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/jersey-client-1.9.1-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/jersey-core-1.9.1-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/joda-time-1.6.2-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/junit-4.8.2-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/logback-classic-1.0.0-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/logback-core-1.0.0-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/lombok-0.10.4-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/mongo-java-driver-2.7.2-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/mybatis-3.0.5-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/slf4j-api-1.6.4-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/snakeyaml-1.6-javadoc”
“/opt/java_docs/testng-6.1.1-javadoc”))
(global-set-key [(f1)] ‘javadoc-lookup) ; F1 to lookup
(global-set-key [(shift f1)] ‘javadoc-help) ; Shift-F1 to bring up menu
注意，上面的文档目录都是自己从互联网上下载的，如果使用maven构建项目，可以很方便的用一个脚本文件将文件jar包下载下来，并且复制到/opt/java_docs/目录下。
mvn clean
mvn dependency:resolve -Dclassifier=javadoc
rm -rf /opt/java_docs
mkdir /opt/java_docs
cp $(find ~/.m2/repository/ -name *javadoc.jar) /opt/java_docs/
下面这个脚本可以帮助我把所有jar文件解压到同名目录下。
#!bin/sh
path=/opt/java_docs
for f in $(ls $path/*.jar);
do
name=`basename $f`
name2=`echo $name | sed ‘s/\.jar//g’`
echo $name2
mkdir $path/$name2
cd $path/$name2
jar xvf $path/$name
done
rm -f *.jar
这个脚本可以生成需要配置的目录路径，用在.emacs中。
path=/opt/java_docs
for f in $(ls $path/);
do
name=`basename $f`
echo \”/opt/java_docs/$name\”
done
推荐阅读：
Windows 7下硬盘安装Ubuntu 13.10图文教程 见 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91565.htm
Ubuntu 13.10 下载、安装、配置 整理汇总 页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-10/91564.htm
为Emacs配置newLISP开发环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-01/78463.htm
手把手教你学会 Emacs 主题配置 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72342.htm
手把手教你学会 Emacs 定制 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-10/72341.htm
如何在GNU Emacs环境下编译并运行C/C++程序？ http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-08/68299.htm
安装Ubuntu 13.10后必做的10件事 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-11/92436.htm
更多Ubuntu相关信息见Ubuntu 专题页面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=2
配置工程文件
为每一个Maven工程目录里面创建一个prj.el文件。下面的是一个例子。/opt/jdk_src的jdk源代码文件是从jdk目录的src.zip解压而来。
jde-global-classpath里面列出了本项目使用的jar包。注意是绝对路径。
‘(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil “5005”))) 指的是远程调试的连接端口，后面调试一节再细讲。
‘jde-sourcepath 里面指定了源代码路径
手动配置这些东西的确有点麻烦，将来可以学点lisp编程，在Emacs里面自动产生这个文件。先凑合着用吧。
(jde-project-file-version “1.0”)
(jde-set-variables
‘(jde-db-source-directoiries “/opt/jdk_src”)
‘(jde-global-classpath (quote (“./target/classes”
“./target/test-classes”
“/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/joda-time/joda-time/1.6.2/joda-time-1.6.2.jar”
“/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/com/sun/jersey/jersey-client/1.9.1/jersey-client-1.9.1.jar”
“/home/chenshu/.m2/repository/org/testng/testng/6.0.1/testng-6.0.1.jar”)))
‘(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil “5005”)))
‘(jde-sourcepath (quote (“./src/main/Java/com/freebird/business”
“./src/test/java/com/freebird/test”
))))
Windows7 下的配置
最后附一个windows7的配置，当时整了好久，早算cedet不报错，勉强能用。
(setq debug-on-error t)
(global-set-key [f5] (lambda() (interactive) (revert-buffer t t)))
(setq c-basic-offset 4)
(show-paren-mode)
;;JDEE configuration
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/jdee-2.4.0.1/lisp”))
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/common”))
(load-file “c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/common/cedet.el”)
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/semantic”))
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/eieio”))
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/cedet-1.0/speedbar”))
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/elib-1.0”))
(add-to-list ‘load-path (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40”))
(load-file (expand-file-name “c:/emacs_plugins/ecb-2.40/ecb.el”))
(require ‘font-lock)
(require ‘ecb)
(require ‘ecb-autoloads)
(require ‘jde)
(custom-set-variables
‘(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-generic))
‘(browse-url-generic-program “chromium-browser”)
‘(column-number-mode t)
‘(jde-gen-buffer-boilerplate (quote (nil “////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Esri
// Esri (Beijing) Software Research and Development Center
//
// All rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States.
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////”)))
‘(jde-complete-function (quote jde-complete-menu))
‘(jde-debugger (quote (“jdb”)))
‘(jde-db-option-connect-socket (quote (nil “9009”)))
‘(jde-jdk-registry (quote ((“1.6.0_29” . “C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_29”))))
‘(jde-resolve-relative-paths-p t)
‘(jde-run-option-debug (quote (“Server” “Socket” “javadebug” nil “5005” t))))
(setq tab-width 4)
(setq c-basic-offset 2)
由于公司规定，里面增加了开发用的文件头的说明。
