服务器评测
使用OpenSSL生成证书
下载安装OpenSSL，进入/bin/下面，执行命令（把ssl目录下的openssl.cnf 拷贝到bin目录下）
1.首先要生成服务器端的私钥(key文件):
openssl genrsa -des3 -out server.key 1024
[root@airwaySSL openssl]# cd ssl/
[root@airwaySSL ssl]# pwd
/home/openssl/ssl
[root@airwaySSL ssl]# ls
certs man misc openssl.cnf private server.csr server.key
运行时会提示输入密码,此密码用于加密key文件(参数des3便是指加密算法,当然也可以选用其他你认为安全的算法.),以后每当需读取此文件(通过openssl提供的命令或API)都需输入口令.如果觉得不方便,也可以去除这个口令,但一定要采取其他的保护措施!
去除key文件口令的命令:
openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key
2.openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr -config openssl.cnf
[root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr -config openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for server.key:12345
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:china
Locality Name (eg, city) []:wuhan
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:airway
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:airway
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:airway
Email Address []:
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
生成Certificate Signing Request（CSR）,生成的csr文件交给CA签名后形成服务端自己的证书.屏幕上将有提示,依照其指示一步一步输入要求的个人信息即可.
3.对客户端也作同样的命令生成key及csr文件:
openssl genrsa -des3 -out client.key 1024
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
………..++++++
..++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for client.key:12345
Verifying – Enter pass phrase for client.key:12345
openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr -config openssl.cnf
[root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr -config openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for client.key:12345
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:cn
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:china
Locality Name (eg, city) []:wuhan
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:airway
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:airway
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:airway
Email Address []:
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
4.CSR文件必须有CA的签名才可形成证书.可将此文件发送到verisign等地方由它验证,要交一大笔钱,何不自己做CA呢.
openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -config openssl.cnf
[root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl req -new -x509 -keyout ca.key -out ca.crt -config openssl.cnf
Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key
…++++++
……………….++++++
writing new private key to ‘ca.key’
Enter PEM pass phrase:12345
Verifying – Enter PEM pass phrase:
—–
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:china
Locality Name (eg, city) []:wuhan
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:airway
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:airway
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:airway
Email Address []:
在继续下面操作前，将openssl.conf文件打开，查看其dir路径将其修改为dir = /home/openssl/bin/demoCA /，否则下面的步骤会提示路径无法找到。
自己手动创建一个CA目录结构：
[weigw@TEST bin]$ mkdir ./demoCA
[weigw@TEST bin]$ mkdir demoCA/newcerts
创建个空文件：
[weigw@TEST bin]$ vi demoCA/index.txt
向文件中写入01：
[weigw@TEST bin]$ vi demoCA/serial
5.用生成的CA的证书为刚才生成的server.csr,client.csr文件签名:
openssl ca -in server.csr -out server.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf
[root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl ca -in server.csr -out server.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf
Using configuration from openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for ca.key:
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 1 (0x1)
Validity
Not Before: Feb 26 04:15:02 2009 GMT
Not After : Feb 26 04:15:02 2010 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = china
organizationName = airway
organizationalUnitName = airway
commonName = airway
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
30:70:D2:EB:9B:73:AE:7B:0E:8E:F6:94:33:7C:53:5B:EF:93:FC:38
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:DB:D6:83:BB:7F:28:C2:A9:40:6A:D8:32:FC:01:E0:5C:48:27:51:19
Certificate is to be certified until Feb 26 04:15:02 2010 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf
[root@airwaySSL bin]# openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.crt -cert ca.crt -keyfile ca.key -config openssl.cnf
Using configuration from openssl.cnf
Enter pass phrase for ca.key:
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
The countryName field needed to be the same in the
CA certificate (CN) and the request (cn)
现在我们所需的全部文件便生成了.
另：
client使用的文件有：ca.crt,client.crt,client.key
server使用的文件有：ca.crt,server.crt,server.key
通过OpenSSL提供FTP+SSL/TLS认证功能，并实现安全数据传输 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-05/84986.htm
利用OpenSSL签署多域名证书 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/108222.htm
OpenSSL 的详细介绍：请点这里
OpenSSL 的下载地址：请点这里
本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/112071.htm
