服务器评测买沙发的时候首要考虑的是尺寸（能放下不、能躺的直不），其次才是质量、牌子、观感……，功能是首要的，扩展功能也是必须的，我就会把各种大小、厚薄、的靠枕、抱枕在沙发上堆成一个窝然后躺在里面看书。因为常躺于是自己做（自己选材，自己剪裁，自己制作）了两套沙发套，便于换洗。现今电脑可能是仅次于手机的高频使用的信息媒介（对于我来说书比手机频率高）了，怎么用，用的爽不爽只有自己知道，习惯、品味……等各种因素掺杂其间。裸机装完操作系统，多少会做些设置——安装喜欢的软件、加快捷方式、设壁纸、设屏保……。
用Elementary OS freya半年了，各种日常遇到的问题解决后，发现做个简单的总结很有必要（有些解决方法快忘了）。
在Elementary OS 0.3下用WPS http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109976.htm
1、关闭lightdm的访客会话
方法不止一个，我个人倾向于这个方案显得更干净，从askUbuntu上看到的。
sudo sh -c ‘printf “[SeatDefaults]nallow-guest=falsen” >/usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-no-guest.conf’
2、plank设置
就是那个docker了，宽屏显示器下应该有不少人会把启动器放在边上，我就放在左边（不管Linux还是Windows，不管Unity还是Plank）我也看到过有人用MAC也把dock放左边。如果不喜欢缺省的GTK主题可以考虑缺省安装的三个主题，我喜欢透明的（尽管缺省的那个主题功能性更好），如果爱折腾还有第三方的主题可用。
主题就放在/usr/share/plank/theme下，目录名就是主题名。主题设置以前是可以在系统设置中设置的，后面升级后设置界面没了。可以手工修改配置文件。
#The position for the dock on the monitor. If 0, left. If 1, right. If 2, top. If 3, bottom.
Position=0
#The name of the dock’s theme to use.
Theme=Transparent
3、热区设置
这是我觉得gnome应该有的功能（KDE里好像也有），我通常会设定两个下角热区。
4、完成完整语言包的安装
安装时在启动菜单出来前选择中文，安装过程中会显示下载语言包，但结果还是不完整。在系统设置中”区域和语言“部分可以根据提示完成语言支持的安装。但有时翻译还是不够完整，我的方法是卸载language-pack-gnome-zh-hans再安装。
sudo apt-get remove language-pack-gnome-zh-hans
sudo apt-get install language-pack-gnome-zh-hans
顺便提一下：
如果从beta2镜像安装，托盘上有可能看不到输入法指示器，也呼不出输入法。运行ibus-setup设置一下就可以输入了，指示器不一定会出来。
”区域和语言“中那个“应用于登陆窗口、访客账户及新用户”不要点，如果不慎点了，恢复/etc/default下的keyboard和locale即可。
5、安装惯用软件——浏览器、编辑器等
我是重度浏览器用户所以不用系统的缺省浏览器，用firefox还是chromium看个人喜好和需求，我依赖ff的一些插件且有打开60个以上标签页的习惯，所以使用firefox并将”启动Firefox时(S)“设置成”显示上次打开的窗口和标签页“
sudo apt-get install firefox firefox-locale-zh-hans
sudo apt-get install chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n
最近系统升级后firefox地址栏中输入中文会有奇怪的现象（比如用鼠标选择地址栏中内容时成了删除这些内容）甚至导致firefox僵死，解决办法是在地址栏输入时切换到非拼音（pinyin）输入法比如sunpinyin或英文。后来决定反正要用sublime text所以安装搜狗拼音。安装方法可参考：
系统没带office软件，如果有需要安装wps也不错。安装方法可参考：在elementary OS 0.3下用WPS
缺省编辑器scratch支持utf8中文，但输入不了中文，没细研究反正要写些代码就安装了sublime text 3
sublime text 中文输入参考了官方论坛的方法
/*
sublime-imfix.c
Use LD_PRELOAD to interpose some function to fix sublime input method support for linux.
By Cjacker Huang
By whitequark@whitequark.org
How to compile:
gcc -shared -o libsublime-imfix.so sublime_imfix.c `pkg-config –libs –cflags gtk+-2.0` -fPIC
How to use:
LD_PRELOAD=./libsublime-imfix.so sublime_text
Changes:
2014 06-09
1, Fix cursor position update for sublime text 3.
2, Combine the codes from whitequark(fix for xim immodule) and add cursor update support for XIM immodule.
*/
/*for RTLD_NEXT*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#ifdef VERBOSE
#define DEBUG(fmt, …) do {
FILE* err = fopen(“/tmp/libsublime-immethod-fix.log”, “a”);
if (err) {
fprintf(err, fmt, __VA_ARGS__);
fclose(err);
}
} while(0)
#else
#define DEBUG(fmt, …)
#endif
typedef GdkSegment GdkRegionBox;
struct _GdkRegion
{
long size;
long numRects;
GdkRegionBox *rects;
GdkRegionBox extents;
};
GtkIMContext *local_context;
//this func is interposed to support cursor position update.
void
gdk_region_get_clipbox (const GdkRegion *region,
GdkRectangle *rectangle)
{
g_return_if_fail (region != NULL);
g_return_if_fail (rectangle != NULL);
rectangle->x = region->extents.x1;
rectangle->y = region->extents.y1;
rectangle->width = region->extents.x2 – region->extents.x1;
rectangle->height = region->extents.y2 – region->extents.y1;
GdkRectangle rect;
rect.x = rectangle->x;
rect.y = rectangle->y;
rect.width = 0;
rect.height = rectangle->height;
//The caret width is 2 in sublime text 2
//And is 1 in sublime text 3.
//Maybe sometimes we will make a mistake, but for most of the time, it should be the caret.
if((rectangle->width == 2 || rectangle->width == 1) && GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT(local_context)) {
gtk_im_context_set_cursor_location(local_context, rectangle);
}
}
//this is needed, for example, if you input something in file dialog and return back the edit area
//context will lost, so here we set it again.
static GdkFilterReturn event_filter (GdkXEvent *xevent, GdkEvent *event, gpointer im_context)
{
XEvent *xev = (XEvent *)xevent;
if(xev->type == KeyRelease && GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT(im_context)) {
GdkWindow * win = g_object_get_data(G_OBJECT(im_context),”window”);
if(GDK_IS_WINDOW(win))
gtk_im_context_set_client_window(im_context, win);
}
return GDK_FILTER_CONTINUE;
}
void gtk_im_context_set_client_window (GtkIMContext *context,
GdkWindow *window)
{
GtkIMContextClass *klass;
g_return_if_fail (GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT (context));
klass = GTK_IM_CONTEXT_GET_CLASS (context);
if (klass->set_client_window)
klass->set_client_window (context, window);
//below is our interposed codes to save the context to local_context.
if(!GDK_IS_WINDOW (window))
return;
g_object_set_data(G_OBJECT(context),”window”,window);
int width = gdk_window_get_width(window);
int height = gdk_window_get_height(window);
if(width != 0 && height !=0) {
gtk_im_context_focus_in(context);
local_context = context;
}
//only add this event_filter when using ‘fcitx’ immodule.
//for xim immodule, this function is as same as original from gtk2.
const gchar * immodule = g_getenv(“GTK_IM_MODULE”);
if(immodule && !strcmp(immodule, “fcitx”)) {
gdk_window_add_filter (window, event_filter, context);
}
}
/*below codes is from whitequark, fix for xim immodule*/
/* See gtkimcontextxim.c */
GType gtk_type_im_context_xim = 0;
#define GTK_TYPE_IM_CONTEXT_XIM (gtk_type_im_context_xim)
#define GTK_IM_CONTEXT_XIM(obj) (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_CAST ((obj), GTK_TYPE_IM_CONTEXT_XIM, GtkIMContextXIM))
#define GTK_IM_CONTEXT_XIM_CLASS(klass) (G_TYPE_CHECK_CLASS_CAST ((klass), GTK_TYPE_IM_CONTEXT_XIM, GtkIMContextXIMClass))
#define GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT_XIM(obj) (G_TYPE_CHECK_INSTANCE_TYPE ((obj), GTK_TYPE_IM_CONTEXT_XIM))
#define GTK_IS_IM_CONTEXT_XIM_CLASS(klass) (G_TYPE_CHECK_CLASS_TYPE ((klass), GTK_TYPE_IM_CONTEXT_XIM))
#define GTK_IM_CONTEXT_XIM_GET_CLASS(obj) (G_TYPE_INSTANCE_GET_CLASS ((obj), GTK_TYPE_IM_CONTEXT_XIM, GtkIMContextXIMClass))
typedef struct _GtkIMContextXIM GtkIMContextXIM;
typedef struct _GtkIMContextXIMClass GtkIMContextXIMClass;
struct _GtkIMContextXIMClass
{
GtkIMContextClass parent_class;
};
typedef struct _StatusWindow StatusWindow;
typedef struct _GtkXIMInfo GtkXIMInfo;
struct _GtkIMContextXIM
{
GtkIMContext object;
GtkXIMInfo *im_info;
gchar *locale;
gchar *mb_charset;
GdkWindow *client_window;
GtkWidget *client_widget;
/* The status window for this input context; we claim the
* * status window when we are focused and have created an XIC
* */
StatusWindow *status_window;
gint preedit_size;
gint preedit_length;
gunichar *preedit_chars;
XIMFeedback *feedbacks;
gint preedit_cursor;
XIMCallback preedit_start_callback;
XIMCallback preedit_done_callback;
XIMCallback preedit_draw_callback;
XIMCallback preedit_caret_callback;
XIMCallback status_start_callback;
XIMCallback status_done_callback;
XIMCallback status_draw_callback;
XIMCallback string_conversion_callback;
XIC ic;
guint filter_key_release : 1;
guint use_preedit : 1;
guint finalizing : 1;
guint in_toplevel : 1;
guint has_focus : 1;
};
static GClassInitFunc orig_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init;
static GType (*orig_g_type_module_register_type)(GTypeModule *,
GType, const gchar *,
const GTypeInfo *, GTypeFlags);
static gboolean (*orig_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress)(GtkIMContext *context,
GdkEventKey *event);
static gboolean
hook_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress(GtkIMContext *context, GdkEventKey *event) {
GtkIMContextXIM *im_context_xim = GTK_IM_CONTEXT_XIM(context);
if (!im_context_xim->client_window) {
DEBUG(“im_context_xim == %pn”, im_context_xim);
DEBUG(“event->window == %pn”, event->window);
gtk_im_context_set_client_window(context, event->window);
}
return orig_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress(context, event);
}
static void
hook_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init (GtkIMContextXIMClass *class) {
orig_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init(class, NULL); /* wat? */
GtkIMContextClass *im_context_class = GTK_IM_CONTEXT_CLASS (class);
assert(!orig_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress);
orig_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress = im_context_class->filter_keypress;
im_context_class->filter_keypress = hook_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress;
DEBUG(“orig_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress: %pn”,
orig_gtk_im_context_xim_filter_keypress);
}
GType
g_type_module_register_type (GTypeModule *module,
GType parent_type,
const gchar *type_name,
const GTypeInfo *type_info,
GTypeFlags flags) {
if (!orig_g_type_module_register_type) {
orig_g_type_module_register_type = dlsym(RTLD_NEXT, “g_type_module_register_type”);
assert(orig_g_type_module_register_type);
}
if (type_name && !strcmp(type_name, “GtkIMContextXIM”)) {
assert(!orig_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init);
orig_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init = type_info->class_init;
assert(sizeof(GtkIMContextXIM) == type_info->instance_size);
const GTypeInfo hook_im_context_xim_info =
{
type_info->class_size,
type_info->base_init,
type_info->base_finalize,
(GClassInitFunc) hook_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init,
type_info->class_finalize,
type_info->class_data,
type_info->instance_size,
type_info->n_preallocs,
type_info->instance_init,
};
DEBUG(“orig_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init: %pn”, orig_gtk_im_context_xim_class_init);
gtk_type_im_context_xim =
orig_g_type_module_register_type(module, parent_type, type_name,
&hook_im_context_xim_info, flags);
return gtk_type_im_context_xim;
}
return orig_g_type_module_register_type(module, parent_type, type_name, type_info, flags);
}
更多详情见请继续阅读下一页的精彩内容： http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/113243p2.htm
编译
gcc -shared -o libsublime-imfix.so sublime_imfix.c `pkg-config –libs –cflags gtk+
-2.0` -fPIC
kai@EOSFreya:~$ cat /usr/share/applications/sublime-text.desktop
[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Sublime Text
GenericName=Text Editor
Comment=Sophisticated text editor for code, markup and prose
Exec=/usr/bin/subl %F
Terminal=false
MimeType=text/plain;
Icon=sublime-text
Categories=TextEditor;Development;Utility;
StartupNotify=true
Actions=Window;Document;
X-Desktop-File-Install-Version=0.22
[Desktop Action Window]
Name=New Window
Exec=/usr/bin/subl -n
OnlyShowIn=Unity;
[Desktop Action Document]
Name=New File
Exec=/usr/bin/subl –command new_file
OnlyShowIn=Unity;
kai@EOSFreya:~$ cat /usr/bin/subl
#!/bin/sh
LD_PRELOAD=/opt/sublime_text/libsublime-imfix.so exec /opt/sublime_text/sublime_text “$@”
kai@EOSFreya:~$
6、系统设置中键盘设置crash的问题
其实挺简单，在”区域和语言“中设置勾选”键盘设置“ ”汉语“即可。如果你喜欢键控或查看有哪些快捷键可用的话。
6、系统设置中键盘设置crash的问题
其实挺简单，在”区域和语言“中设置勾选”键盘设置“ ”汉语“即可。如果你喜欢键控或查看有哪些快捷键可用的话。
本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-02/113243.htm
