LVM实现逻辑卷镜像-服务器评测

本文系统 CentOS 6.5 x64

LVM的镜像功能，有点儿类似于Raid1，即多块儿磁盘互相同步，确保资料不会丢失。

1、在此添加4块物理硬盘，每块2G空间

LVM实现逻辑卷镜像

2、将sdb、sdc、sdd、sde 创建物理卷，将sdb、sdc、sdd 添加卷组到vmTest

[root@node4 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Physical volume “/dev/sdb” successfully created
[root@node4 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
Physical volume “/dev/sdc” successfully created
[root@node4 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdd
Physical volume “/dev/sdd” successfully created
[root@node4 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sde
Physical volume “/dev/sde” successfully created

[root@node4 ~]# vgcreate vgTest /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd
Volume group “vgTest” successfully created
[root@node4 ~]#

3、创建逻辑卷

[root@node4 ~]# lvcreate -L 1G -m1 -n lvTest vgTest /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd
Logical volume “lvTest” created

查看lvs信息

[root@node4 ~]# lvs -a -o +devices
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert Devices
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao—- 8.54g /dev/sda2(0)
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao—- 992.00m /dev/sda2(2186)
lvTest vgTest mwi-a-m— 1.00g lvTest_mlog 100.00 lvTest_mimage_0(0),lvTest_mimage_1(0)
[lvTest_mimage_0] vgTest iwi-aom— 1.00g /dev/sdb(0)
[lvTest_mimage_1] vgTest iwi-aom— 1.00g /dev/sdc(0)
[lvTest_mlog] vgTest lwi-aom— 4.00m /dev/sdd(0)

LVM镜像需要用到-m1参数，从上面可以看出，/dev/sdb和/dev/sdc互为镜像，而/dev/sdd作为日志存储使用

4、格式化分区，在逻辑卷上创建一个文件。对/dev/sdc进行破坏。

[root@node4 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgTest/lvTest
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
65536 inodes, 262144 blocks
13107 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376

正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (8192 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@node4 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc count=10 bs=20M
记录了10+0 的读入
记录了10+0 的写出
209715200字节(210 MB)已复制，2.08666 秒，101 MB/秒
[root@node4 ~]# lvs -a -o +devices
Couldn’t find device with uuid zecO8D-2Suc-rnmK-a2Z7-6613-Zy1X-whVS0X.
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert Devices
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao—- 8.54g /dev/sda2(0)
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao—- 992.00m /dev/sda2(2186)
lvTest vgTest mwi-a-m-p- 1.00g lvTest_mlog 100.00 lvTest_mimage_0(0),lvTest_mimage_1(0)
[lvTest_mimage_0] vgTest iwi-aom— 1.00g /dev/sdb(0)
[lvTest_mimage_1] vgTest iwi-aom-p- 1.00g unknown device(0)
[lvTest_mlog] vgTest lwi-aom— 4.00m /dev/sdd(0)
[root@node4 ~]# lvscan
Couldn’t find device with uuid zecO8D-2Suc-rnmK-a2Z7-6613-Zy1X-whVS0X.
ACTIVE ‘/dev/vgTest/lvTest’ [1.00 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE ‘/dev/VolGroup/lv_root’ [8.54 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE ‘/dev/VolGroup/lv_swap’ [992.00 MiB] inherit
[root@node4 ~]#

重新挂载逻辑卷，确认文件可以正常读取

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9 [root@node4 ~]# mkdir /lvmTest
[root@node4 ~]# mount /dev/vgTest/lvTest /lvmTest/
[root@node4 ~]# cd /lvmTest/
[root@node4 lvmTest]# ls
lost+found
[root@node4 lvmTest]# echo “ac” > ac
[root@node4 lvmTest]# cat ac
ac
[root@node4 lvmTest]#

将卷组中坏掉的物理卷（/dev/sdc）移除：

[root@node4 lvmTest]# vgdisplay
Couldn’t find device with uuid zecO8D-2Suc-rnmK-a2Z7-6613-Zy1X-whVS0X.
— Volume group —
VG Name vgTest
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 2
VG Size 5.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1533
Alloc PE / Size 513 / 2.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1020 / 3.98 GiB
VG UUID 1qzO3A-Tjvi-by9l-Oq49-byz3-tIkx-rfSqex

[root@node4 lvmTest]# vgreduce –removemissing –force vgTest
Couldn’t find device with uuid zecO8D-2Suc-rnmK-a2Z7-6613-Zy1X-whVS0X.
Wrote out consistent volume group vgTest
[root@node4 lvmTest]#

5、向卷组中加入新的物理卷（/dev/sde）：

[root@node4 lvmTest]# vgextend vgTest /dev/sde
Volume group “vgTest” successfully extended
[root@node4 lvmTest]#

6、进行数据恢复（过程中无须解除逻辑卷的挂载）

[root@node4 lvmTest]# lvconvert -m1 /dev/vgTest/lvTest /dev/sdb /dev/sdd /dev/sde
vgTest/lvTest: Converted: 0.0%
vgTest/lvTest: Converted: 100.0%
[root@node4 lvmTest]# lvs -a -o +devices
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert Devices
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao—- 8.54g /dev/sda2(0)
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao—- 992.00m /dev/sda2(2186)
lvTest vgTest mwi-aom— 1.00g lvTest_mlog 100.00 lvTest_mimage_0(0),lvTest_mimage_1(0)
[lvTest_mimage_0] vgTest iwi-aom— 1.00g /dev/sdb(0)
[lvTest_mimage_1] vgTest iwi-aom— 1.00g /dev/sdd(0)
[lvTest_mlog] vgTest lwi-aom— 4.00m /dev/sde(0)

7、核实原数据

[root@node4 lvmTest]# cat ac
ac
[root@node4 lvmTest]# echo “abcde” >> ac
[root@node4 lvmTest]# cat ac
ac
abcde
[root@node4 lvmTest]#

[root@node4 lvmTest]# lvdisplay
— Logical volume —
LV Path /dev/vgTest/lvTest
LV Name lvTest
VG Name vgTest
LV UUID a8kDmI-R3ls-SfKJ-qx3d-1Tbb-wPAd-TJcQfn
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time node4.lansgg.com, 2015-09-10 20:50:41 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 1.00 GiB
Current LE 256
Mirrored volumes 2
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
– currently set to 256
Block device 253:5

使用LVM创建弹性磁盘存储——第一部分 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/107697.htm
在Linux中扩展/缩减LVM（第二部分） http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/107786.htm
在 LVM中录制逻辑卷快照并恢复（第三部分） http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/108867.htm
在LVM中设置精简资源调配卷（第四部分） http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109757.htm
使用条块化I/O管理多个LVM磁盘（第五部分） http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-12/110532.htm

本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/122861.htm

LVM实现逻辑卷镜像

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