服务器评测
Docker私有Registry在CentOS6.X下安装指南
说明:
“
docker.yy.com 这是docker registry服务器的域名也就是你的公司docker私有服务器的主机地址，假定ip是192.168.2.114;因为https的SSL证书不能用IP地址，我就随便起了个名字。
registry 服务器作为上游服务器处理docker镜像的最终上传和下载，用的是官方的镜像。
nginx 1.4.x 是一个用nginx作为反向代理服务器
”
[X] Docker Server端配置
安装依赖
yum -y install gcc make file && \
yum -y install tar pcre-devel pcre-staticopenssl openssl-devel httpd-tools
配置SSL
(1) 编辑/etc/hosts,把docker.yy.com的ip地址添加进来,例如:
192.168.2.114 docker.yy.com
(2) 生成根密钥
先把
“
/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
/etc/pki/CA/index.txt
/etc/pki/CA/index.txt.attr
/etc/pki/CA/index.txt.old
/etc/pki/CA/serial
/etc/pki/CA/serial.old
”
删除掉!
cd /etc/pki/CA/
openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048
(3) 生成根证书
openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem
输出:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:youyuan
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) []:docker.yy.com
Email Address []:
“
会提示输入一些内容，因为是私有的，所以可以随便输入，最好记住能与后面保持一致,特别是”Common Name”。上面的自签证书cacert.pem应该生成在/etc/pki/CA下。
”
(4) 为我们的nginx web服务器生成ssl密钥
mkdir -p /etc/nginx/ssl
cd /etc/nginx/ssl
openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 2048
“
我们的CA中心与要申请证书的服务器是同一个，否则应该是在另一台需要用到证书的服务器上生成。
”
(5) 为nginx生成证书签署请求
openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr
输出:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter ‘.’, the field will be left blank.
—–
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:beijing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:beijing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:youyuan
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, your name or your server’s hostname) []:docker.yy.com
Email Address []:
Please enter the following ‘extra’ attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
“
同样会提示输入一些内容，Commone Name一定要是你要授予证书的服务器域名或主机名，challenge password不填。
”
(6) 私有CA根据请求来签发证书
touch /etc/pki/CA/index.txt
touch /etc/pki/CA/serial
echo 00 > /etc/pki/CA/serial
openssl ca -in nginx.csr -out nginx.crt
输出:
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
Serial Number: 0 (0x0)
Validity
Not Before: Dec 9 09:59:20 2014 GMT
Not After : Dec 9 09:59:20 2015 GMT
Subject:
countryName = CN
stateOrProvinceName = beijing
organizationName = youyuan
commonName = docker.yy.com
X509v3 extensions:
X509v3 Basic Constraints:
CA:FALSE
Netscape Comment:
OpenSSL Generated Certificate
X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
5D:6B:02:FF:9E:F8:EA:1B:73:19:47:39:4F:88:93:9F:E7:AC:A5:66
X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
keyid:46:DC:F1:A5:6F:39:EC:6E:77:03:3B:C4:34:03:7E:B8:0A:ED:99:41
Certificate is to be certified until Dec 9 09:59:20 2015 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n]y
Write out database with 1 new entries
Data Base Updated
“
同样会提示输入一些内容，选择y就可以了!
”
安装,配置,运行nginx
(1) 添加组和用户:
groupadd www -g 58
useradd -u 58 -g www www
(2) 下载nginx源文件:
cd /tmp
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.6.tar.gz
cp ./nginx-1.4.6.tar.gz /tmp/
(3) 编译,安装nginx:
tar zxvf ./nginx-1.4.6.tar.gz
cd ./nginx-1.4.6 && \
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/opt/nginx \
–with-pcre \
–with-http_stub_status_module \
–with-http_ssl_module \
–with-http_addition_module \
–with-http_realip_module \
–with-http_flv_module && \
make && \
make install
cd /tmp
rm -rf /tmp/nginx-1.4.6/
rm /tmp/nginx-1.4.6.tar.gz
(4) 生成htpasswd
htpasswd -cb /opt/nginx/conf/.htpasswd ${USER} ${PASSWORD}
(5) 编辑/opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf文件
#daemon off;
# 使用的用户和组
user www www;
# 指定工作进程数(一般等于CPU总核数)
worker_processes auto;
# 指定错误日志的存放路径,错误日志记录级别选项为:[debug | info | notic | warn | error | crit]
error_log /var/log/nginx_error.log error;
#指定pid存放的路径
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
# 指定文件描述符数量
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events {
# 使用的网络I/O模型,Linux推荐epoll;FreeBSD推荐kqueue
use epoll;
# 允许的最大连接数
worker_connections 51200;
multi_accept on;
}
http {
include mime.types;
log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$upstream_addr”‘;
access_log /var/log/nginx_access.log main;
# 服务器名称哈希表的桶大小,该默认值取决于CPU缓存
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
# 客户端请求的Header头缓冲区大小
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
# 启用sendfile()函数
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
upstream registry {
server 127.0.0.1:5000;
}
server {
listen 443;
server_name 192.168.2.114;
ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/nginx.key;
client_max_body_size 0; # disable any limits to avoid HTTP 413 for large image uploads
# required to avoid HTTP 411: see Issue #1486 (https://github.com/docker/docker/issues/1486)
chunked_transfer_encoding on;
location / {
auth_basic “registry”;
auth_basic_user_file /opt/nginx/conf/.htpasswd;
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
proxy_pass http://registry;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Authorization “”;
client_body_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_connect_timeout 90;
proxy_send_timeout 90;
proxy_read_timeout 90;
proxy_buffer_size 8k;
proxy_buffers 4 32k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #如果系统很忙的时候可以申请更大的proxy_buffers 官方推荐*2
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #proxy缓存临时文件的大小
}
location /_ping {
auth_basic off;
proxy_pass http://registry;
}
location /v1/_ping {
auth_basic off;
proxy_pass http://registry;
}
}
}
(6) 验证配置
/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
输出:
“
nginx: the configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
”
(7) 启动nginx:
/opt/nginx/sbin/nginx
(8) 验证nginx是否启动:
ps -ef | grep -i ‘nginx’
如下输出就表明nginx一切正常!
root 27133 1 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /opt/nginx/sbin/nginx
www 27134 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27135 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27136 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27137 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27138 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27139 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27140 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27141 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27142 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27143 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27144 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27145 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27146 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27147 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27148 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27149 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27150 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27151 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27152 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27153 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27154 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27155 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27156 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
www 27157 27133 0 18:58 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root 27160 42863 0 18:58 pts/0 00:00:00 grep -i nginx
配置,运行Docker
(1) 停止docker
service docker stop
(2)编辑/etc/sysconfig/docker文件,加上如下一行
DOCKER_OPTS=”–insecure-registry docker.yy.com –tlsverify –tlscacert /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem”
(3) 把根证书复制到/etc/docker/certs.d/docker.yy.com/目录下
mkdir -p /etc/docker/certs.d/docker.yy.com/
cp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem /etc/docker/certs.d/docker.yy.com/ca-certificates.crt
(4) 启动docker
service docker start
下载,配置,运行registryimage
(1) 获取Image
docker pull registry
(2) 运行Image
mkdir -p /opt/registry
docker run -d -e STORAGE_PATH=/registry -v /opt/registry:/registry -p 127.0.0.1:5000:5000 –name registry registry
“
命令稍加解释一下:
-p 127.0.0.1:5000:5000 registry 作为上游服务器，这个 5000 端口可以不用映射出来，因为所有的外部访问都是通过前端的nginx来提供，nginx 可以在私有网络访问 registry 。
”
(3) 验证registry:
“
用浏览器输入: https://docker.yy.com
或者:curl -i -k https://abc:123@docker.yy.com
”
服务端的配置就到此完成!
[X] Docker客户端配置
(1) 编辑/etc/hosts,把docker.yy.com的ip地址添加进来,例如:
192.168.2.114 docker.yy.com
(2) 把docker registry服务器端的根证书追加到ca-certificates.crt文件里
先从docker registry服务器端把文件/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem拷贝到本机,然后执行命令:
cat ./cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crt
(3) 验证docker.yy.com下的registry:
“
用浏览器输入: https://docker.yy.com
或者:curl -i -k https://abc:123@docker.yy.com
”
(4) 使用私有registry步骤:
•登录: docker login -u abc -p 123 -e “test@gmail.com” https://docker.yy.com
•给container起另外一个名字: docker tag centos:centos6 docker.yy.com/centos:centos6
•发布: docker push docker.yy.com/centos:centos6
[X] Server端,操作私有仓库的步骤:
1. 从官方pull下来image!
docker push centos:centos6
2. 查看image的id
执行docker images
输出:
root@pts/0 # docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
centos centos6 25c5298b1a36 8 days ago 215.8 MB
3. 给image赋予一个私有仓库的tag
docker tag 25c5298b1a36 docker.yy.com/centos:centos6
4. push到私有仓库
docker push docker.yy.com/centos:centos6
5. 查看image
docker images
输出:
root@pts/0 # docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
centos centos6 25c5298b1a36 8 days ago 215.8 MB
docker.yy.com/centos centos6 25c5298b1a36 8 days ago 215.8 MB
[X] Client端,操作私有仓库的步骤:
1. 从私有仓库pull下来image!
docker pull docker.yy.com/centos:centos6
2. 查看image
docker images
输出:
root@pts/0 # docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
docker.yy.com/centos centos6 25c5298b1a36 8 days ago 215.8 MB
Docker的Web管理界面Shipyard
[0] 编辑/etc/sysconfig/docker文件
在DOCKER_OPTS里添加-H tcp://0.0.0.0:4243 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock,例如:
DOCKER_OPTS=”-H tcp://0.0.0.0:4243 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock –insecure-registry docker.yy.com –tlsverify –tlscacert /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem –registry-mirror=http://d194d5cb.m.daocloud.io”
[1] Start an data volume instance of RethinkDB:
docker run -it -d –name shipyard-rethinkdb-data –entrypoint /bin/bash shipyard/rethinkdb -l
[2] Start RethinkDB with using the data volume container:
docker run -it -P -d –name shipyard-rethinkdb –volumes-from shipyard-rethinkdb-data shipyard/rethinkdb
“
If your server is directly accessible on Internet,
please note your RethinkDB installation may publicly listen to
ports 49153 (local instance), 49154 (cluster) and 49155 (web interface) and so accessible to all.
”
[3] Start the Shipyard controller:
docker run -it -p 8080:8080 -d –name shipyard –link shipyard-rethinkdb:rethinkdb shipyard/shipyard
“
Shipyard will create a default user account with the usernameadmin and the passwordshipyard.
You should then be able to open a browser tohttp://<your-host-ip>:8080and see the Shipyard login.
”
附录:
(1) 弊端:
“
server端可以login到官方的Docker Hub,可以pull,push官方和私有仓库!
client端只能操作搭设好的私有仓库!
私有仓库不能search!
”
(2) 优点:
“
所有的build,pull,push操作只能在私有仓库的server端操作,降低企业风险!
”
(3) 当client端docker login到官方的https://index.docker.io/v1/网站,出现x509: certificate signed by unknown authority错误时
“
重命名根证书! mv /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-certificates.crt.bak
重启docker服务! service docker restart!
更多Docker相关教程见以下内容：
Docker安装应用(CentOS 6.5_x64) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-07/104595.htm
Ubuntu 14.04安装Docker http://www.linuxidc.com/linux/2014-08/105656.htm
Ubuntu使用VNC运行基于Docker的桌面系统 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-08/121170.htm
阿里云CentOS 6.5 模板上安装 Docker http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109107.htm
Ubuntu 15.04下安装Docker http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-07/120444.htm
在Ubuntu Trusty 14.04 (LTS) (64-bit)安装Docker http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/108184.htm
在 Ubuntu 15.04 上如何安装Docker及基本用法 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-09/122885.htm
Docker 的详细介绍：请点这里
Docker 的下载地址：请点这里
本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-10/124333.htm
