CentOS 6.5安装自动化工具Ansible和图形化工具Tower

一、CentOS 6.5安装ansible并测试

1、查看系统版本：

[root@ansible-server etc]# lsb_release -a

LSB Version:    :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch

Distributor ID: CentOS

Description:    CentOS release 6.5 (Final)

Release:        6.5

Codename:      Final

2、安装ansible配置yum配置

163源

[root@ansible-server yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo

[163base]

name=CentOS-$releasever – Base – 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[163updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever – Updates – 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[163extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever – Extras – 163.com

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

epel源

[root@ansible-server yum.repos.d]# cat epel.repo

[epel]

name=CentOS-$releasever – epel

baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

gpgcheck=0

3、安装ansible

[root@ansible-server ~]# yum install ansible

4、ansible安装后测试

测试机器作为被控制端为SUSE11的虚拟机

查看配置文件

[root@ansible-server ~]# cd /etc/ansible/

[root@ansible-server ansible]# ls

ansible.cfg  hosts  roles

配置ansible hosts文件

[root@ansible-server ansible]# vi hosts

[slave]

192.168.1.210  ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=suse

说明：

上面分别是被控制端IP地址、登陆用户名、ssh协议端口以及登陆密码

PING测试：

[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible slave -m ping

paramiko: The authenticity of host ‘192.168.1.210’ can’t be established.

The ssh-rsa key fingerprint is 3eddc40386a9465452b12910a61a3c65.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?

yes

192.168.1.210 | SUCCESS => {

    “changed”: false,

    “ping”: “pong”

第一次登陆还需要手动输入“yes”添加信任，如果避免这一步的话也可以，需要配置ansible的配置文件ansible.cfg

hosts文件再添加一台机器

[root@ansible-server ansible]# vi hosts

[slave]

192.168.1.210  ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=suse

192.168.1.211  ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_port=22 ansible_ssh_pass=suse

修改配置文件，打开host_key_checking这一行的注释

[root@ansible-server ansible]# vi ansible.cfg

#host_key_checking = False

host_key_checking = False

测试如下所示

[root@ansible-server ansible]# ansible 192.168.1.211 -m ping

192.168.1.211 | SUCCESS => {

    “changed”: false,

    “ping”: “pong”

第一次登陆不需要手动输入

二、安装tower

1、资源下载

https://www.ansible.com/license

此链接下载免费控制10个机器的授权，需要填写邮箱等信息，授权文件会发到你的邮箱，安装tower后登陆到web界面添加授权文件就可以开始你的tower之旅了

https://www.ansible.com/tower-trial

此链接是下载免费测试的tower安装引导文件，叫做安装引导文件是我自己想出的名字，因为安装tower是由一大堆的ansible-playbook文件组合到一块去取网络资源安装的

2、解压缩tower引导文件

[root@ansible-server ~]# cd /home/ansible/

[root@ansible-server ansible]# ls

ansible-tower-setup-latest.tar.gz

[root@ansible-server ansible]# tar zxf ansible-tower-setup-latest.tar.gz

[root@ansible-server ansible]# cd ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3/

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# ls

ansible.cfg  group_vars  inventory  README.md    roles

backup.yml  install.yml  licenses  restore.yml  setup.sh

3、配置安装tower的yum源

以centos系统默认的yum源替代163的yum源

[root@ansible-server yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo

[base]

name=CentOS-$releasever – Base

mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os

#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#released updates

[updates]

name=CentOS-$releasever – Updates

mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-$releasever – Extras

mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

epel源不变

4、部署tower

解压缩软件包

tar -zxf ansible-tower-setup-latest.tar.gz

设置主机信息

[root@ansible-server ansible]# cd ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3/

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# ll

total 64

-rw-rw-r–.  1 1004 1004  203 Oct 31 21:58 ansible.cfg

-rw-rw-r–.  1 1004 1004  128 Oct 31 21:58 backup.yml

drwxrwxr-x.  2 1004 1004  4096 Oct 31 21:58 group_vars

-rw-rw-r–.  1 1004 1004  4781 Oct 31 21:58 install.yml

-rw-rw-r–.  1 1004 1004  194 Oct 31 21:58 inventory

-rw-r–r–.  1 root root  194 Dec 26 21:24 inventory.bak

drwxrwxr-x.  2 1004 1004 12288 Oct 31 21:58 licenses

-rw-rw-r–.  1 1004 1004  2510 Oct 31 21:58 README.md

-rw-rw-r–.  1 1004 1004  233 Oct 31 21:58 restore.yml

drwxrwxr-x. 18 1004 1004  4096 Oct 31 21:58 roles

-rwxrwxr-x.  1 1004 1004  9461 Oct 31 21:58 setup.sh

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i “s#password=”#password=’admin’#g” inventory

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i “s#host=”#host=’127.0.0.1’#g” inventory

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i “s#port=”#port=’5432’#g” inventory

配置软件源

[root@ansible-serveransible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i ‘s#dl.Fedoraproject.org/pub#mirrors.ustc.edu.cn#g’ roles/packages_el/defaults/main.yml

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i ‘s/#baseurl=/baseurl=/g’ roles/packages_el/files/epel-6.repo

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i ‘s/mirrorlist=/#mirrorlist=/g’ roles/packages_el/files/epel-6.repo

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i ‘s#download.fedoraproject.org/pub#mirrors.ustc.edu.cn#g’ roles/packages_el/files/epel-6.repo

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# yum -y install centos-release-scl-rh centos-release-scl

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i ‘s#mirror.centos.org#centos.ustc.edu.cn#g’ /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-SCLo-scl.repo

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# sed -i ‘s#mirror.centos.org#centos.ustc.edu.cn#g’ /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-SCLo-scl-rh.repo

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# yum -y install supervisor

安装tower

为了防止出现内存过小的报错，修改preflight的tasks文件

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# vi roles/preflight/tasks/main.yml

修改下面一行

minimum_var_space: 10000000000

把参数修改到尽量小

minimum_var_space: 100000000

default目录下也是同理

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# vi roles/preflight/defaults/main.yml

修改下面一行

minimum_var_space: 10000000000

把参数修改到尽量小

minimum_var_space: 100000000

安装tower

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]#./setup.sh

如果出现preflight安装的错误，删除roles/preflight/tasks/main.yml文件再尝试

当然也可能因为网络的原因出现timeout的错误，不过没关系再次尝试

如果网络没有问题的话还回出现类似于下面所示的报错：

TASK [awx_install : Migrate the Tower database schema (may take awhile when upgrading).] ***

提示数据库连接不上，解决办法：

启动postgresql

# service postgresql-9.4 initdb

# service postgresql-9.4 start

# chkconfig postgresql-9.4 on

创建用户

# su – postgres

-bash-4.1$ psql

psql (8.4.20)

Type “help” for help.

postgres=# \password postgres;

Enter new password:

Enter it again:

postgres=# CREATE ROLE awx CREATEDB PASSWORD ‘admin’ LOGIN;

CREATE ROLE

postgres-# \q

[root@ansible-server ~]# sed -i ‘s#peer#md5#g’ /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf

[root@ansible-server ~]# sed -i ‘s#ident#md5#g’ /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf 

[root@ansible-server ~]# service postgresql-9.4 restart

Stopping postgresql service:                              [  OK  ]

Starting postgresql service:                              [  OK  ]

测试awx用户连接，输入密码连接，并创建数据库

[root@ansible-server pgsql]# psql -U awx -d postgres -h 127.0.0.1

Password for user awx:

psql (8.4.20)

Type “help” for help.

postgres=> create database awx;

CREATE DATABASE

postgres=> \q

再次执行安装过程

[root@ansible-server ansible-tower-setup-3.0.3]# ./setup.sh

最后出现安装成功的提示说明tower安装完成

三、导入licenses

安装完成后就可以通过https://IP/#来访问你的tower界面了，这里的IP是安装tower的服务器IP

访问如下图所示：

接下来导入我们申请的license

提交后就可以进入tower的管理页面了

下面关于Ansible的文章您也可能喜欢，不妨参考下：

使用Ansible批量管理远程服务器  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-05/118080.htm

Ansible安装配置与简单使用  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-07/120399.htm

在 CentOS 7 中安装并使用自动化工具 Ansible  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-10/123801.htm

Ansible和Docker的作用和用法  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109783.htm

CentOS 7上搭建Jenkins+Ansible服务  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-12/138737.htm

Ansible批量搭建LAMP环境 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/108264.htm

Ansible ：一个配置管理和IT自动化工具  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-11/109365.htm

Ansible基础—安装与常用模块  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-02/140216.htm

自动化运维工具之 Ansible 介绍及安装使用  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-12/138104.htm

Ansible入门notify和handlers  http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-02/140871.htm

Ansible 的详细介绍：请点这里
Ansible 的下载地址：请点这里

本文永久更新链接地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-03/141422.htm